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Search Termination Time in Visual Search is Determined by Expectation of Target Prevalence

Reaction times for search termination decisions (“no” RTs) are shorter when targets are rarer (lower “target prevalence”). Is this “prevalence effect” a result of the observers' expectation of target prevalence or of repetition priming from repeated “no” responses? If number of repetitions dete...

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Autores principales: Ishibashi, Kazuya, Kita, Shinichi, Wolfe, Jeremy M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5393661/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/ic320
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author Ishibashi, Kazuya
Kita, Shinichi
Wolfe, Jeremy M.
author_facet Ishibashi, Kazuya
Kita, Shinichi
Wolfe, Jeremy M.
author_sort Ishibashi, Kazuya
collection PubMed
description Reaction times for search termination decisions (“no” RTs) are shorter when targets are rarer (lower “target prevalence”). Is this “prevalence effect” a result of the observers' expectation of target prevalence or of repetition priming from repeated “no” responses? If number of repetitions determines “no” RTs, independent of target prevalence, evidence would favor a repetition priming account. In contrast, if implicit or explicit knowledge of the target prevalence determines “no” RTs, regardless of repetitions, evidence would favor an expectation account. In experiment 1, we conducted visual search tasks where prevalence varied across blocks, and analyzed correct rejection trials in time series. The main effect of number of repetitions was not statistically significant, but the main effect of target prevalence was statistically significant. In experiment 2, high-prevalence and low-prevalence trials were randomly mixed and the prevalence for the next trial was cued. The result showed that the “no” RTs in the low prevalence trials were still faster than those on high prevalence trials. These results suggest that the prevalence effect on the “no” RTs is the result of the expectation of target prevalence.
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spelling pubmed-53936612017-04-24 Search Termination Time in Visual Search is Determined by Expectation of Target Prevalence Ishibashi, Kazuya Kita, Shinichi Wolfe, Jeremy M. Iperception Article Reaction times for search termination decisions (“no” RTs) are shorter when targets are rarer (lower “target prevalence”). Is this “prevalence effect” a result of the observers' expectation of target prevalence or of repetition priming from repeated “no” responses? If number of repetitions determines “no” RTs, independent of target prevalence, evidence would favor a repetition priming account. In contrast, if implicit or explicit knowledge of the target prevalence determines “no” RTs, regardless of repetitions, evidence would favor an expectation account. In experiment 1, we conducted visual search tasks where prevalence varied across blocks, and analyzed correct rejection trials in time series. The main effect of number of repetitions was not statistically significant, but the main effect of target prevalence was statistically significant. In experiment 2, high-prevalence and low-prevalence trials were randomly mixed and the prevalence for the next trial was cued. The result showed that the “no” RTs in the low prevalence trials were still faster than those on high prevalence trials. These results suggest that the prevalence effect on the “no” RTs is the result of the expectation of target prevalence. SAGE Publications 2011-05-01 2011-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5393661/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/ic320 Text en © 2011 SAGE Publications Ltd. Manuscript content on this site is licensed under Creative Commons Licenses http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (http://www.uk.sagepub.com/aboutus/openaccess.htm).
spellingShingle Article
Ishibashi, Kazuya
Kita, Shinichi
Wolfe, Jeremy M.
Search Termination Time in Visual Search is Determined by Expectation of Target Prevalence
title Search Termination Time in Visual Search is Determined by Expectation of Target Prevalence
title_full Search Termination Time in Visual Search is Determined by Expectation of Target Prevalence
title_fullStr Search Termination Time in Visual Search is Determined by Expectation of Target Prevalence
title_full_unstemmed Search Termination Time in Visual Search is Determined by Expectation of Target Prevalence
title_short Search Termination Time in Visual Search is Determined by Expectation of Target Prevalence
title_sort search termination time in visual search is determined by expectation of target prevalence
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5393661/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/ic320
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