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Beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Adherence to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment is important because, when untreated, it may have serious consequences with lifelong effects. In the case of adolescents on long-term medicine prescription, more knowledge is needed regarding adherence and factors influencing adh...

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Autores principales: Emilsson, Maria, Gustafsson, Per A., Öhnström, Gisela, Marteinsdottir, Ina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5394130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27848023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-016-0919-1
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author Emilsson, Maria
Gustafsson, Per A.
Öhnström, Gisela
Marteinsdottir, Ina
author_facet Emilsson, Maria
Gustafsson, Per A.
Öhnström, Gisela
Marteinsdottir, Ina
author_sort Emilsson, Maria
collection PubMed
description Adherence to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment is important because, when untreated, it may have serious consequences with lifelong effects. In the case of adolescents on long-term medicine prescription, more knowledge is needed regarding adherence and factors influencing adherence, which was the purpose of this study. Adolescents (n = 101) on ADHD medication ≥6 months were administrated questionnaires at a monitoring appointment: Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS), beliefs about medicines (BMQ) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ). Adherence was high, the mean value was 88% of the maximum MARS score, and correlated positively with the “BMQ-necessity-concerns differential” but negatively with “BMQ-concerns” and “BMQ-side effects”. Adolescents with more belief in the necessity of the medication, less concerns and less experience of side effects tended to be more adherent to medication prescription (“intentional non-adherence”), while “unintentional non-adherence” (forgetfulness) was associated with how much they perceived that their ADHD affected their lives. In a multiple regression model, the variance of MARS total (R (2) = 0.21) and “intentional non-adherence” (R (2) = 0.24) was explained by the “BMQ-necessity–concern differential” and “BMQ-experienced side effects”. The variance of “unintentional non-adherence” (R (2) = 0.12) was explained by the “BMQ-necessity–concern differential” and “B-IPQ-consequences of ADHD”. In conclusion, adolescents on long-term medication reported good adherence, mainly influenced by more beliefs in the necessity versus concerns of the medications, less experienced side effects and more perceived consequences of ADHD. BMQ could be useful to identify risks of low adherence, which should be counteracted by partially gender-specific interventions. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00787-016-0919-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-53941302017-05-03 Beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Emilsson, Maria Gustafsson, Per A. Öhnström, Gisela Marteinsdottir, Ina Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry Original Contribution Adherence to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment is important because, when untreated, it may have serious consequences with lifelong effects. In the case of adolescents on long-term medicine prescription, more knowledge is needed regarding adherence and factors influencing adherence, which was the purpose of this study. Adolescents (n = 101) on ADHD medication ≥6 months were administrated questionnaires at a monitoring appointment: Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS), beliefs about medicines (BMQ) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ). Adherence was high, the mean value was 88% of the maximum MARS score, and correlated positively with the “BMQ-necessity-concerns differential” but negatively with “BMQ-concerns” and “BMQ-side effects”. Adolescents with more belief in the necessity of the medication, less concerns and less experience of side effects tended to be more adherent to medication prescription (“intentional non-adherence”), while “unintentional non-adherence” (forgetfulness) was associated with how much they perceived that their ADHD affected their lives. In a multiple regression model, the variance of MARS total (R (2) = 0.21) and “intentional non-adherence” (R (2) = 0.24) was explained by the “BMQ-necessity–concern differential” and “BMQ-experienced side effects”. The variance of “unintentional non-adherence” (R (2) = 0.12) was explained by the “BMQ-necessity–concern differential” and “B-IPQ-consequences of ADHD”. In conclusion, adolescents on long-term medication reported good adherence, mainly influenced by more beliefs in the necessity versus concerns of the medications, less experienced side effects and more perceived consequences of ADHD. BMQ could be useful to identify risks of low adherence, which should be counteracted by partially gender-specific interventions. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00787-016-0919-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016-11-15 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5394130/ /pubmed/27848023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-016-0919-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Original Contribution
Emilsson, Maria
Gustafsson, Per A.
Öhnström, Gisela
Marteinsdottir, Ina
Beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title Beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_full Beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_fullStr Beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_full_unstemmed Beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_short Beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_sort beliefs regarding medication and side effects influence treatment adherence in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
topic Original Contribution
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5394130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27848023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-016-0919-1
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