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Breeding progress, variation, and correlation of grain and quality traits in winter rye hybrid and population varieties and national on-farm progress in Germany over 26 years

KEY MESSAGE: Grain yield of hybrid varieties and population varieties in official German variety trials increased by 23.3 and 18.1%, respectively, over the last 26 years. On-farm gain in grain yield (18.9%) was comparable to that of population varieties in variety trials, yet at a level considerably...

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Autores principales: Laidig, Friedrich, Piepho, Hans-Peter, Rentel, Dirk, Drobek, Thomas, Meyer, Uwe, Huesken, Alexandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5395587/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28289803
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-017-2865-9
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author Laidig, Friedrich
Piepho, Hans-Peter
Rentel, Dirk
Drobek, Thomas
Meyer, Uwe
Huesken, Alexandra
author_facet Laidig, Friedrich
Piepho, Hans-Peter
Rentel, Dirk
Drobek, Thomas
Meyer, Uwe
Huesken, Alexandra
author_sort Laidig, Friedrich
collection PubMed
description KEY MESSAGE: Grain yield of hybrid varieties and population varieties in official German variety trials increased by 23.3 and 18.1%, respectively, over the last 26 years. On-farm gain in grain yield (18.9%) was comparable to that of population varieties in variety trials, yet at a level considerably lower than in variety trials. Rye quality is subject to large year-to-year fluctuation. Increase in grain yield and decline of protein concentration did not negatively influence quality traits. ABSTRACT: Performance progress of grain and quality traits of 78 winter rye varieties tested in official German trials to assess the value for cultivation and use (VCU) were evaluated during 1989 and 2014. We dissected progress into a genetic and a non-genetic component for hybrid and population varieties by applying mixed models, including regression components to model trends. VCU trial results were compared with grain yield and quality data from a national harvest survey (on-farm data). Yield gain for hybrid varieties was 23.3% (18.9 dt ha(−1)) and for population varieties 18.1% (13.0 dt ha(−1)) relative to 1989. On-farm yield progress of 18.9% (8.7 dt ha(−1)) was considerably lagging behind VCU trials, and mean yield levels were substantially lower than in field trials. Most of the yield progress was generated by genetic improvement. For hybrid varieties, ear density was the determining yield component, whereas for population varieties, it was thousand grain mass. Results for VCU trials showed no statistically significant gains or losses in rye quality traits. For on-farm data, we found a positive but non-significant gain in falling number and amylogram viscosity and temperature. Variation of grain and quality traits was strongly influenced by environments, whereas genotypic variation was less than 19% of total variation. Grain yield was strongly negatively associated with protein concentration, yet was weakly to moderately positively associated with quality traits. In general, our results from VCU trials and on-farm data indicated that increasing grain yield and decreasing protein concentration did not negatively affect rye quality traits. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00122-017-2865-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-53955872017-05-04 Breeding progress, variation, and correlation of grain and quality traits in winter rye hybrid and population varieties and national on-farm progress in Germany over 26 years Laidig, Friedrich Piepho, Hans-Peter Rentel, Dirk Drobek, Thomas Meyer, Uwe Huesken, Alexandra Theor Appl Genet Original Article KEY MESSAGE: Grain yield of hybrid varieties and population varieties in official German variety trials increased by 23.3 and 18.1%, respectively, over the last 26 years. On-farm gain in grain yield (18.9%) was comparable to that of population varieties in variety trials, yet at a level considerably lower than in variety trials. Rye quality is subject to large year-to-year fluctuation. Increase in grain yield and decline of protein concentration did not negatively influence quality traits. ABSTRACT: Performance progress of grain and quality traits of 78 winter rye varieties tested in official German trials to assess the value for cultivation and use (VCU) were evaluated during 1989 and 2014. We dissected progress into a genetic and a non-genetic component for hybrid and population varieties by applying mixed models, including regression components to model trends. VCU trial results were compared with grain yield and quality data from a national harvest survey (on-farm data). Yield gain for hybrid varieties was 23.3% (18.9 dt ha(−1)) and for population varieties 18.1% (13.0 dt ha(−1)) relative to 1989. On-farm yield progress of 18.9% (8.7 dt ha(−1)) was considerably lagging behind VCU trials, and mean yield levels were substantially lower than in field trials. Most of the yield progress was generated by genetic improvement. For hybrid varieties, ear density was the determining yield component, whereas for population varieties, it was thousand grain mass. Results for VCU trials showed no statistically significant gains or losses in rye quality traits. For on-farm data, we found a positive but non-significant gain in falling number and amylogram viscosity and temperature. Variation of grain and quality traits was strongly influenced by environments, whereas genotypic variation was less than 19% of total variation. Grain yield was strongly negatively associated with protein concentration, yet was weakly to moderately positively associated with quality traits. In general, our results from VCU trials and on-farm data indicated that increasing grain yield and decreasing protein concentration did not negatively affect rye quality traits. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00122-017-2865-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2017-03-13 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5395587/ /pubmed/28289803 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-017-2865-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Original Article
Laidig, Friedrich
Piepho, Hans-Peter
Rentel, Dirk
Drobek, Thomas
Meyer, Uwe
Huesken, Alexandra
Breeding progress, variation, and correlation of grain and quality traits in winter rye hybrid and population varieties and national on-farm progress in Germany over 26 years
title Breeding progress, variation, and correlation of grain and quality traits in winter rye hybrid and population varieties and national on-farm progress in Germany over 26 years
title_full Breeding progress, variation, and correlation of grain and quality traits in winter rye hybrid and population varieties and national on-farm progress in Germany over 26 years
title_fullStr Breeding progress, variation, and correlation of grain and quality traits in winter rye hybrid and population varieties and national on-farm progress in Germany over 26 years
title_full_unstemmed Breeding progress, variation, and correlation of grain and quality traits in winter rye hybrid and population varieties and national on-farm progress in Germany over 26 years
title_short Breeding progress, variation, and correlation of grain and quality traits in winter rye hybrid and population varieties and national on-farm progress in Germany over 26 years
title_sort breeding progress, variation, and correlation of grain and quality traits in winter rye hybrid and population varieties and national on-farm progress in germany over 26 years
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5395587/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28289803
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-017-2865-9
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