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New Mechanism by Which Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNAs Negate the Proinflammatory Response to Infection

Viruses have evolved many novel mechanisms to promote infection and to mitigate the host cell response to that infection. In the article by M. H. Hancock et al. (mBio 8:e00109-17, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00109-17), the authors describe a new mechanism by which human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)...

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Autor principal: Yurochko, Andrew D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5395671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28420741
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00505-17
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author Yurochko, Andrew D.
author_facet Yurochko, Andrew D.
author_sort Yurochko, Andrew D.
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description Viruses have evolved many novel mechanisms to promote infection and to mitigate the host cell response to that infection. In the article by M. H. Hancock et al. (mBio 8:e00109-17, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00109-17), the authors describe a new mechanism by which human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) microRNAs (miRNAs; miR-US5-1 and miR-UL112-3p) negate the proinflammatory response to infection. The authors document that these two viral miRNAs downregulate the NF-κB response through direct targeting of the IKKα and IKKβ mRNAs, which in turn, through diminished IκB kinases (IKKs), block production of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], CCL5, and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]). Because most signaling pathways that promote NF-κB activation and nuclear translocation ultimately converge on the activation of the IKK complex, this new study documents that HCMV can strongly dictate how infected cells respond to internal and/or external stimuli and thus positively influence the outcome of both lytic and latent infection.
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spelling pubmed-53956712017-05-01 New Mechanism by Which Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNAs Negate the Proinflammatory Response to Infection Yurochko, Andrew D. mBio Commentary Viruses have evolved many novel mechanisms to promote infection and to mitigate the host cell response to that infection. In the article by M. H. Hancock et al. (mBio 8:e00109-17, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00109-17), the authors describe a new mechanism by which human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) microRNAs (miRNAs; miR-US5-1 and miR-UL112-3p) negate the proinflammatory response to infection. The authors document that these two viral miRNAs downregulate the NF-κB response through direct targeting of the IKKα and IKKβ mRNAs, which in turn, through diminished IκB kinases (IKKs), block production of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], CCL5, and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]). Because most signaling pathways that promote NF-κB activation and nuclear translocation ultimately converge on the activation of the IKK complex, this new study documents that HCMV can strongly dictate how infected cells respond to internal and/or external stimuli and thus positively influence the outcome of both lytic and latent infection. American Society for Microbiology 2017-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5395671/ /pubmed/28420741 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00505-17 Text en Copyright © 2017 Yurochko. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Commentary
Yurochko, Andrew D.
New Mechanism by Which Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNAs Negate the Proinflammatory Response to Infection
title New Mechanism by Which Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNAs Negate the Proinflammatory Response to Infection
title_full New Mechanism by Which Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNAs Negate the Proinflammatory Response to Infection
title_fullStr New Mechanism by Which Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNAs Negate the Proinflammatory Response to Infection
title_full_unstemmed New Mechanism by Which Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNAs Negate the Proinflammatory Response to Infection
title_short New Mechanism by Which Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNAs Negate the Proinflammatory Response to Infection
title_sort new mechanism by which human cytomegalovirus micrornas negate the proinflammatory response to infection
topic Commentary
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5395671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28420741
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00505-17
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