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Association between maternal intake of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 6 months of age: results of the MOCEH cohort study

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are essential for infant neurodevelopment. The nutritional adequacy of dietary LC-PUFAs depends not only on the LC-PUFAs intake but also on the n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio (n-6/n-3 PUFAs). This study aimed to identify the assoc...

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Autores principales: Kim, Hyejin, Kim, Hyesook, Lee, Eunjung, Kim, Yeni, Ha, Eun-Hee, Chang, Namsoo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5395920/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28420388
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-017-0242-9
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author Kim, Hyejin
Kim, Hyesook
Lee, Eunjung
Kim, Yeni
Ha, Eun-Hee
Chang, Namsoo
author_facet Kim, Hyejin
Kim, Hyesook
Lee, Eunjung
Kim, Yeni
Ha, Eun-Hee
Chang, Namsoo
author_sort Kim, Hyejin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND & AIMS: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are essential for infant neurodevelopment. The nutritional adequacy of dietary LC-PUFAs depends not only on the LC-PUFAs intake but also on the n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio (n-6/n-3 PUFAs). This study aimed to identify the association between the maternal dietary n-6/n-3 PUFAs and motor and cognitive development of infants at 6 months of age. METHODS: We used data from 960 participants in the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study, which is a multi-center prospective cohort study. Dietary intake of pregnant women was assessed by a one-day 24-h recall method. Food consumption of infants was estimated based on the volume of breast milk and weaning foods. The duration of each feed was used to estimate the likely volume of milk consumed. Dietary intake of infants at 6 months was also assessed by a 24-h recall method. Cognitive and motor development of infants at 6 months of age was assessed by the Korean Bayley scales of infant development edition II (BSID-II) including the mental developmental index (MDI) and the psychomotor developmental index (PDI). RESULTS: Maternal intakes of n-6/n-3 PUFAs and linoleic acid (LA)-to-α-linolenic acid (ALA) ratio (LA/ALA) were 9.7 ± 6.3 and 11.12 ± 6.9, respectively. Multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for covariates, showed that n-6/n-3 PUFAs was negatively associated with both the MDI (β = −0.1674, P = 0.0291) and PDI (β = −0.1947, P = 0.0380) at 6 months of age. These inverse associations were also observed between LA/ALA and both the MDI and PDI (MDI; β = −0.1567; P = 0.0310, PDI; β = −0.1855; P = 0.0367). Multiple logistic regression analysis, with the covariates, showed that infants whose mother’s LA/ALA were ranked in the 2(nd), 3(rd), and 4(th) quartile were at approximately twice the risk with more than twice the risk of delayed performance on the PDI compared to the lowest quartile (1(st) vs. 2(nd); OR = 2.965; 95% CI = 1.376 − 6.390, 1(st) vs. 3(rd); OR = 3.047; 95% CI = 1.374 − 6.756 and 1(st) vs. 4(th); OR = 2.551; 95% CI = 1.160 − 5.607). CONCLUSIONS: Both the maternal dietary n-6/n-3 PUFAs and LA/ALA intake were significantly associated with the mental and psychomotor development of infants at 6 months of age. Thus, maintaining low n-6/n-3 PUFAs and LA/ALA is encouraged for women during pregnancy.
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spelling pubmed-53959202017-04-20 Association between maternal intake of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 6 months of age: results of the MOCEH cohort study Kim, Hyejin Kim, Hyesook Lee, Eunjung Kim, Yeni Ha, Eun-Hee Chang, Namsoo Nutr J Research BACKGROUND & AIMS: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are essential for infant neurodevelopment. The nutritional adequacy of dietary LC-PUFAs depends not only on the LC-PUFAs intake but also on the n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio (n-6/n-3 PUFAs). This study aimed to identify the association between the maternal dietary n-6/n-3 PUFAs and motor and cognitive development of infants at 6 months of age. METHODS: We used data from 960 participants in the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study, which is a multi-center prospective cohort study. Dietary intake of pregnant women was assessed by a one-day 24-h recall method. Food consumption of infants was estimated based on the volume of breast milk and weaning foods. The duration of each feed was used to estimate the likely volume of milk consumed. Dietary intake of infants at 6 months was also assessed by a 24-h recall method. Cognitive and motor development of infants at 6 months of age was assessed by the Korean Bayley scales of infant development edition II (BSID-II) including the mental developmental index (MDI) and the psychomotor developmental index (PDI). RESULTS: Maternal intakes of n-6/n-3 PUFAs and linoleic acid (LA)-to-α-linolenic acid (ALA) ratio (LA/ALA) were 9.7 ± 6.3 and 11.12 ± 6.9, respectively. Multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for covariates, showed that n-6/n-3 PUFAs was negatively associated with both the MDI (β = −0.1674, P = 0.0291) and PDI (β = −0.1947, P = 0.0380) at 6 months of age. These inverse associations were also observed between LA/ALA and both the MDI and PDI (MDI; β = −0.1567; P = 0.0310, PDI; β = −0.1855; P = 0.0367). Multiple logistic regression analysis, with the covariates, showed that infants whose mother’s LA/ALA were ranked in the 2(nd), 3(rd), and 4(th) quartile were at approximately twice the risk with more than twice the risk of delayed performance on the PDI compared to the lowest quartile (1(st) vs. 2(nd); OR = 2.965; 95% CI = 1.376 − 6.390, 1(st) vs. 3(rd); OR = 3.047; 95% CI = 1.374 − 6.756 and 1(st) vs. 4(th); OR = 2.551; 95% CI = 1.160 − 5.607). CONCLUSIONS: Both the maternal dietary n-6/n-3 PUFAs and LA/ALA intake were significantly associated with the mental and psychomotor development of infants at 6 months of age. Thus, maintaining low n-6/n-3 PUFAs and LA/ALA is encouraged for women during pregnancy. BioMed Central 2017-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5395920/ /pubmed/28420388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-017-0242-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Kim, Hyejin
Kim, Hyesook
Lee, Eunjung
Kim, Yeni
Ha, Eun-Hee
Chang, Namsoo
Association between maternal intake of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 6 months of age: results of the MOCEH cohort study
title Association between maternal intake of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 6 months of age: results of the MOCEH cohort study
title_full Association between maternal intake of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 6 months of age: results of the MOCEH cohort study
title_fullStr Association between maternal intake of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 6 months of age: results of the MOCEH cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Association between maternal intake of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 6 months of age: results of the MOCEH cohort study
title_short Association between maternal intake of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 6 months of age: results of the MOCEH cohort study
title_sort association between maternal intake of n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment at 6 months of age: results of the moceh cohort study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5395920/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28420388
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-017-0242-9
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