Aspects épidémiologiques des traumatismes du rachis: à propos de 139 cas

Spinal trauma is one of the most common types of injuries among victims of traffic accidents, sports accidents, domestic accidents and workplace accidents. We conducted a 3-year retrospective study of 139 cases of spinal trauma hospitalized and treated in the Neurosurgery department of the CHUJRA, Madagascar. This study shows that 25.17% of injured patients were between 21 and 30 years of age, with a clear male predominance (69.78%; sex ratio 2.3). Falls were the dominating traumatic injury mechanism (33.09%) with risk factors including alcohol use (8.63%). Spinal injuries occurred in patients with polytrauma, of whom 34.63% had cranial trauma. Patients were admitted to the department within 1-5 hours after the trauma in 31.65% of cases, using private car as their means of transport 36.69% of cases. During the hospitalization 20 patients signed the discharge form and 6.34% of patients died. Spinal trauma is a public health problem requiring high intensity management, especially for patients with life-long disabilities. Any spine trauma requires a diligent search for cranial lesion.