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Cognitive Advantages of Bilingual Children in Different Sociolinguistic Contexts
Many studies have shown that bilingual children outperform monolinguals on tasks testing executive functioning, but other studies have not revealed any effect of bilingualism. In this study we compared three groups of bilingual children in the Netherlands, aged 6–7 years, with a monolingual control...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5399246/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28484403 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00552 |
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author | Blom, Elma Boerma, Tessel Bosma, Evelyn Cornips, Leonie Everaert, Emma |
author_facet | Blom, Elma Boerma, Tessel Bosma, Evelyn Cornips, Leonie Everaert, Emma |
author_sort | Blom, Elma |
collection | PubMed |
description | Many studies have shown that bilingual children outperform monolinguals on tasks testing executive functioning, but other studies have not revealed any effect of bilingualism. In this study we compared three groups of bilingual children in the Netherlands, aged 6–7 years, with a monolingual control group. We were specifically interested in testing whether the bilingual cognitive advantage is modulated by the sociolinguistic context of language use. All three bilingual groups were exposed to a minority language besides the nation’s dominant language (Dutch). Two bilingual groups were exposed to a regional language (Frisian, Limburgish), and a third bilingual group was exposed to a migrant language (Polish). All children participated in two working memory tasks (verbal, visuospatial) and two attention tasks (selective attention, interference suppression). Bilingual children outperformed monolinguals on selective attention. The cognitive effect of bilingualism was most clearly present in the Frisian-Dutch group and in a subgroup of migrant children who were relatively proficient in Polish. The effect was less robust in the Limburgish-Dutch sample. Investigation of the response patterns of the flanker test, testing interference suppression, suggested that bilingual children more often show an effect of response competition than the monolingual children, demonstrating that bilingual children attend to different aspects of the task than monolingual children. No bilingualism effects emerged for verbal and visuospatial working memory. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5399246 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53992462017-05-08 Cognitive Advantages of Bilingual Children in Different Sociolinguistic Contexts Blom, Elma Boerma, Tessel Bosma, Evelyn Cornips, Leonie Everaert, Emma Front Psychol Psychology Many studies have shown that bilingual children outperform monolinguals on tasks testing executive functioning, but other studies have not revealed any effect of bilingualism. In this study we compared three groups of bilingual children in the Netherlands, aged 6–7 years, with a monolingual control group. We were specifically interested in testing whether the bilingual cognitive advantage is modulated by the sociolinguistic context of language use. All three bilingual groups were exposed to a minority language besides the nation’s dominant language (Dutch). Two bilingual groups were exposed to a regional language (Frisian, Limburgish), and a third bilingual group was exposed to a migrant language (Polish). All children participated in two working memory tasks (verbal, visuospatial) and two attention tasks (selective attention, interference suppression). Bilingual children outperformed monolinguals on selective attention. The cognitive effect of bilingualism was most clearly present in the Frisian-Dutch group and in a subgroup of migrant children who were relatively proficient in Polish. The effect was less robust in the Limburgish-Dutch sample. Investigation of the response patterns of the flanker test, testing interference suppression, suggested that bilingual children more often show an effect of response competition than the monolingual children, demonstrating that bilingual children attend to different aspects of the task than monolingual children. No bilingualism effects emerged for verbal and visuospatial working memory. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC5399246/ /pubmed/28484403 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00552 Text en Copyright © 2017 Blom, Boerma, Bosma, Cornips and Everaert. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Blom, Elma Boerma, Tessel Bosma, Evelyn Cornips, Leonie Everaert, Emma Cognitive Advantages of Bilingual Children in Different Sociolinguistic Contexts |
title | Cognitive Advantages of Bilingual Children in Different Sociolinguistic Contexts |
title_full | Cognitive Advantages of Bilingual Children in Different Sociolinguistic Contexts |
title_fullStr | Cognitive Advantages of Bilingual Children in Different Sociolinguistic Contexts |
title_full_unstemmed | Cognitive Advantages of Bilingual Children in Different Sociolinguistic Contexts |
title_short | Cognitive Advantages of Bilingual Children in Different Sociolinguistic Contexts |
title_sort | cognitive advantages of bilingual children in different sociolinguistic contexts |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5399246/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28484403 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00552 |
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