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Expression Dynamics of Innate Immunity in Influenza Virus-Infected Swine

The current circulating swine influenza virus (IV) subtypes in Europe (H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2) are associated with clinical outbreaks of disease. However, we showed that pigs could be susceptible to other IV strains that are able to cross the species barrier. In this work, we extended our investigatio...

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Autores principales: Montoya, María, Foni, Emanuela, Solórzano, Alicia, Razzuoli, Elisabetta, Baratelli, Massimiliano, Bilato, Dania, Córdoba, Lorena, del Burgo, Maria Angeles Martín, Martinez, Jorge, Martinez-Orellana, Pamela, Chiapponi, Chiara, Perlin, David S., del Real, Gustavo, Amadori, Massimo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5399951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28484702
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2017.00048
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author Montoya, María
Foni, Emanuela
Solórzano, Alicia
Razzuoli, Elisabetta
Baratelli, Massimiliano
Bilato, Dania
Córdoba, Lorena
del Burgo, Maria Angeles Martín
Martinez, Jorge
Martinez-Orellana, Pamela
Chiapponi, Chiara
Perlin, David S.
del Real, Gustavo
Amadori, Massimo
author_facet Montoya, María
Foni, Emanuela
Solórzano, Alicia
Razzuoli, Elisabetta
Baratelli, Massimiliano
Bilato, Dania
Córdoba, Lorena
del Burgo, Maria Angeles Martín
Martinez, Jorge
Martinez-Orellana, Pamela
Chiapponi, Chiara
Perlin, David S.
del Real, Gustavo
Amadori, Massimo
author_sort Montoya, María
collection PubMed
description The current circulating swine influenza virus (IV) subtypes in Europe (H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2) are associated with clinical outbreaks of disease. However, we showed that pigs could be susceptible to other IV strains that are able to cross the species barrier. In this work, we extended our investigations into whether different IV strains able to cross the species barrier might give rise to different innate immune responses that could be associated with pathological lesions. For this purpose, we used the same samples collected in a previous study of ours, in which healthy pigs had been infected with a H3N2 Swine IV and four different H3N8 IV strains circulating in different animal species. Pigs had been clinically inspected and four subjects/group were sacrificed at 3, 6, and 21 days post infection. In the present study, all groups but mock exhibited antibody responses to IV nucleoprotein protein. Pulmonary lesions and high-titered viral replication were observed in pigs infected with the swine-adapted virus. Interestingly, pigs infected with avian and seal H3N8 strains also showed moderate lesions and viral replication, whereas equine and canine IVs did not cause overt pathological signs, and replication was barely detectable. Swine IV infection induced interferon (IFN)-alpha and interleukin-6 responses in bronchoalveolar fluids (BALF) at day 3 post infection, as opposed to the other non-swine-adapted virus strains. However, IFN-alpha responses to the swine-adapted virus were not associated with an increase of the local, constitutive expression of IFN-alpha genes. Remarkably, the Equine strain gave rise to a Serum Amyloid A response in BALF despite little if any replication. Each virus strain could be associated with expression of cytokine genes and/or proteins after infection. These responses were observed well beyond the period of virus replication, suggesting a prolonged homeostatic imbalance of the innate immune system.
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spelling pubmed-53999512017-05-08 Expression Dynamics of Innate Immunity in Influenza Virus-Infected Swine Montoya, María Foni, Emanuela Solórzano, Alicia Razzuoli, Elisabetta Baratelli, Massimiliano Bilato, Dania Córdoba, Lorena del Burgo, Maria Angeles Martín Martinez, Jorge Martinez-Orellana, Pamela Chiapponi, Chiara Perlin, David S. del Real, Gustavo Amadori, Massimo Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science The current circulating swine influenza virus (IV) subtypes in Europe (H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2) are associated with clinical outbreaks of disease. However, we showed that pigs could be susceptible to other IV strains that are able to cross the species barrier. In this work, we extended our investigations into whether different IV strains able to cross the species barrier might give rise to different innate immune responses that could be associated with pathological lesions. For this purpose, we used the same samples collected in a previous study of ours, in which healthy pigs had been infected with a H3N2 Swine IV and four different H3N8 IV strains circulating in different animal species. Pigs had been clinically inspected and four subjects/group were sacrificed at 3, 6, and 21 days post infection. In the present study, all groups but mock exhibited antibody responses to IV nucleoprotein protein. Pulmonary lesions and high-titered viral replication were observed in pigs infected with the swine-adapted virus. Interestingly, pigs infected with avian and seal H3N8 strains also showed moderate lesions and viral replication, whereas equine and canine IVs did not cause overt pathological signs, and replication was barely detectable. Swine IV infection induced interferon (IFN)-alpha and interleukin-6 responses in bronchoalveolar fluids (BALF) at day 3 post infection, as opposed to the other non-swine-adapted virus strains. However, IFN-alpha responses to the swine-adapted virus were not associated with an increase of the local, constitutive expression of IFN-alpha genes. Remarkably, the Equine strain gave rise to a Serum Amyloid A response in BALF despite little if any replication. Each virus strain could be associated with expression of cytokine genes and/or proteins after infection. These responses were observed well beyond the period of virus replication, suggesting a prolonged homeostatic imbalance of the innate immune system. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC5399951/ /pubmed/28484702 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2017.00048 Text en Copyright © 2017 Montoya, Foni, Solórzano, Razzuoli, Baratelli, Bilato, Córdoba, del Burgo, Martinez, Martinez-Orellana, Chiapponi, Perlin, del Real and Amadori. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Montoya, María
Foni, Emanuela
Solórzano, Alicia
Razzuoli, Elisabetta
Baratelli, Massimiliano
Bilato, Dania
Córdoba, Lorena
del Burgo, Maria Angeles Martín
Martinez, Jorge
Martinez-Orellana, Pamela
Chiapponi, Chiara
Perlin, David S.
del Real, Gustavo
Amadori, Massimo
Expression Dynamics of Innate Immunity in Influenza Virus-Infected Swine
title Expression Dynamics of Innate Immunity in Influenza Virus-Infected Swine
title_full Expression Dynamics of Innate Immunity in Influenza Virus-Infected Swine
title_fullStr Expression Dynamics of Innate Immunity in Influenza Virus-Infected Swine
title_full_unstemmed Expression Dynamics of Innate Immunity in Influenza Virus-Infected Swine
title_short Expression Dynamics of Innate Immunity in Influenza Virus-Infected Swine
title_sort expression dynamics of innate immunity in influenza virus-infected swine
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5399951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28484702
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2017.00048
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