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The Effect of Injury to Anterolateral Capsular Structures on Outcomes of ACL Injured Patients 24 Months after Anatomic ACL Reconstruction

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of injury of anterolateral capsular structures (ALC) on outcomes of ACL injured patients 24 months after anatomic ACL reconstruction (ACLR). It was hypothesized that injury to ALC determined on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans w...

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Autores principales: Azar, Amir Ata Rahnemai, Costello, Joanna, Popchak, Adam, Herbst, Elmar, Musahl, Volker, Tashman, Scott, Irrgang, James J., Fu, Freddie H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5400172/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117S00128
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author Azar, Amir Ata Rahnemai
Costello, Joanna
Popchak, Adam
Herbst, Elmar
Musahl, Volker
Tashman, Scott
Irrgang, James J.
Fu, Freddie H.
author_facet Azar, Amir Ata Rahnemai
Costello, Joanna
Popchak, Adam
Herbst, Elmar
Musahl, Volker
Tashman, Scott
Irrgang, James J.
Fu, Freddie H.
author_sort Azar, Amir Ata Rahnemai
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of injury of anterolateral capsular structures (ALC) on outcomes of ACL injured patients 24 months after anatomic ACL reconstruction (ACLR). It was hypothesized that injury to ALC determined on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans would significantly affect patient reported outcomes (PROs) as well as in vivo joint kinematics during downhill running 24 months after ACLR. METHODS: Subjects included a subset of ACL injured patients participating in a randomized clinical trial to compare single- and double bundle ACLR using quadriceps autograft. Subjects were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of injury to ALC, as determined by a fellowship trained radiologist on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans performed within 6 weeks of injury (Kendall’s tau-b for Inter-observer reliability = 0.75). ACLR outcomes were measured 24 months after surgery and included PROs (International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC-SKF) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)) as well as in vivo joint kinematics during downhill running. In vivo joint kinematics were assessed while subjects performed downhill treadmill running (3.0 meters/second, 10° slope) within a Dynamic Stereo X-ray system (DSX). Knee kinematics were determined using a validated method for matching DSX images to tibiofemoral bone models obtained from subject specific computed tomography scans. A subset of joint kinematic variables (side-to-side differences for peak internal rotation, range of internal/external rotation, peak adduction and range of abduction/adduction) were evaluated in this study. These variables were selected based on the proposed function of the ALC for restraining internal knee rotation. The PROs and knee kinematics were compared between groups with and without ALC injury using independent t-tests. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Thirty-five subjects (mean age: 22.8 ± 8.5 years) were enrolled in this study. The average interval between injury and performing the MRI scans was 9.5 ± 10 days. ALC injury was observed in 17 (48%) patients (grade 1: 6, grade 2: 10 and grade 3: 1). No differences were detected in PROs between groups with and without ALC injury (Figure 1 and Table 1). Likewise, no significant kinematic differences were found between groups. There was a slight trend towards greater external rotation in ACLR knees with ALC injury. CONCLUSION: The most significant finding of this study was that combined injury to ALC did not significantly affect PROs or knee kinematics 24 months post ACLR. Based on these findings, performing additional reconstruction/repair surgery to reduce excess rotational laxity due to presence of ALC injury is not supported. Accordingly, it is recommended to observe MRI detectable injuries to the ALC.
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spelling pubmed-54001722017-05-24 The Effect of Injury to Anterolateral Capsular Structures on Outcomes of ACL Injured Patients 24 Months after Anatomic ACL Reconstruction Azar, Amir Ata Rahnemai Costello, Joanna Popchak, Adam Herbst, Elmar Musahl, Volker Tashman, Scott Irrgang, James J. Fu, Freddie H. Orthop J Sports Med Article OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of injury of anterolateral capsular structures (ALC) on outcomes of ACL injured patients 24 months after anatomic ACL reconstruction (ACLR). It was hypothesized that injury to ALC determined on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans would significantly affect patient reported outcomes (PROs) as well as in vivo joint kinematics during downhill running 24 months after ACLR. METHODS: Subjects included a subset of ACL injured patients participating in a randomized clinical trial to compare single- and double bundle ACLR using quadriceps autograft. Subjects were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of injury to ALC, as determined by a fellowship trained radiologist on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans performed within 6 weeks of injury (Kendall’s tau-b for Inter-observer reliability = 0.75). ACLR outcomes were measured 24 months after surgery and included PROs (International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC-SKF) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)) as well as in vivo joint kinematics during downhill running. In vivo joint kinematics were assessed while subjects performed downhill treadmill running (3.0 meters/second, 10° slope) within a Dynamic Stereo X-ray system (DSX). Knee kinematics were determined using a validated method for matching DSX images to tibiofemoral bone models obtained from subject specific computed tomography scans. A subset of joint kinematic variables (side-to-side differences for peak internal rotation, range of internal/external rotation, peak adduction and range of abduction/adduction) were evaluated in this study. These variables were selected based on the proposed function of the ALC for restraining internal knee rotation. The PROs and knee kinematics were compared between groups with and without ALC injury using independent t-tests. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Thirty-five subjects (mean age: 22.8 ± 8.5 years) were enrolled in this study. The average interval between injury and performing the MRI scans was 9.5 ± 10 days. ALC injury was observed in 17 (48%) patients (grade 1: 6, grade 2: 10 and grade 3: 1). No differences were detected in PROs between groups with and without ALC injury (Figure 1 and Table 1). Likewise, no significant kinematic differences were found between groups. There was a slight trend towards greater external rotation in ACLR knees with ALC injury. CONCLUSION: The most significant finding of this study was that combined injury to ALC did not significantly affect PROs or knee kinematics 24 months post ACLR. Based on these findings, performing additional reconstruction/repair surgery to reduce excess rotational laxity due to presence of ALC injury is not supported. Accordingly, it is recommended to observe MRI detectable injuries to the ALC. SAGE Publications 2017-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5400172/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117S00128 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This open-access article is published and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - No Derivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/), which permits the noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction of the article in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. You may not alter, transform, or build upon this article without the permission of the Author(s). For reprints and permission queries, please visit SAGE’s Web site at http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav.
spellingShingle Article
Azar, Amir Ata Rahnemai
Costello, Joanna
Popchak, Adam
Herbst, Elmar
Musahl, Volker
Tashman, Scott
Irrgang, James J.
Fu, Freddie H.
The Effect of Injury to Anterolateral Capsular Structures on Outcomes of ACL Injured Patients 24 Months after Anatomic ACL Reconstruction
title The Effect of Injury to Anterolateral Capsular Structures on Outcomes of ACL Injured Patients 24 Months after Anatomic ACL Reconstruction
title_full The Effect of Injury to Anterolateral Capsular Structures on Outcomes of ACL Injured Patients 24 Months after Anatomic ACL Reconstruction
title_fullStr The Effect of Injury to Anterolateral Capsular Structures on Outcomes of ACL Injured Patients 24 Months after Anatomic ACL Reconstruction
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Injury to Anterolateral Capsular Structures on Outcomes of ACL Injured Patients 24 Months after Anatomic ACL Reconstruction
title_short The Effect of Injury to Anterolateral Capsular Structures on Outcomes of ACL Injured Patients 24 Months after Anatomic ACL Reconstruction
title_sort effect of injury to anterolateral capsular structures on outcomes of acl injured patients 24 months after anatomic acl reconstruction
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5400172/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117S00128
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