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Flow Shear Stress Enhances the Proliferative Potential of Cultured Radial Glial Cells Possibly Via an Activation of Mechanosensitive Calcium Channel

Radial glial cells (RGCs) which function as neural stem cells are known to be non-excitable and their proliferation depends on the intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) level. It has been well established that Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3))-mediated Ca(2+) release and Ca(2+) entry through various Ca(...

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Autores principales: Park, Min Gu, Jang, Heeyeong, Lee, Sang-Hoon, Lee, C. Justin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Society for Brain and Neural Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5403909/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28442943
http://dx.doi.org/10.5607/en.2017.26.2.71
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author Park, Min Gu
Jang, Heeyeong
Lee, Sang-Hoon
Lee, C. Justin
author_facet Park, Min Gu
Jang, Heeyeong
Lee, Sang-Hoon
Lee, C. Justin
author_sort Park, Min Gu
collection PubMed
description Radial glial cells (RGCs) which function as neural stem cells are known to be non-excitable and their proliferation depends on the intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) level. It has been well established that Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3))-mediated Ca(2+) release and Ca(2+) entry through various Ca(2+) channels are involved in the proliferation of RGCs. Furthermore, RGCs line the ventricular wall and are exposed to a shear stress due to a physical contact with the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, little is known about how the Ca(2+) entry through mechanosensitive ion channels affects the proliferation of RGCs. Hence, we hypothesized that shear stress due to a flow of CSF boosts the proliferative potential of RGCs possibly via an activation of mechanosensitive Ca(2+) channel during the embryonic brain development. Here, we developed a new microfluidic two-dimensional culture system to establish a link between the flow shear stress and the proliferative activity of cultured RGCs. Using this microfluidic device, we successfully visualized the artificial CSF and RGCs in direct contact and found a significant enhancement of proliferative capacity of RGCs in response to increased shear stress. To determine if there are any mechanosensitive ion channels involved, a mechanical stimulation by poking was given to individual RGCs. We found that a poking on radial glial cell induced an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) level, which disappeared under the extracellular Ca(2+)-free condition. Our results suggest that the shear stress by CSF flow possibly activates mechanosensitive Ca(2+) channels, which gives rise to a Ca(2+) entry which enhances the proliferative capacity of RGCs.
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spelling pubmed-54039092017-04-25 Flow Shear Stress Enhances the Proliferative Potential of Cultured Radial Glial Cells Possibly Via an Activation of Mechanosensitive Calcium Channel Park, Min Gu Jang, Heeyeong Lee, Sang-Hoon Lee, C. Justin Exp Neurobiol Original Article Radial glial cells (RGCs) which function as neural stem cells are known to be non-excitable and their proliferation depends on the intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) level. It has been well established that Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3))-mediated Ca(2+) release and Ca(2+) entry through various Ca(2+) channels are involved in the proliferation of RGCs. Furthermore, RGCs line the ventricular wall and are exposed to a shear stress due to a physical contact with the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, little is known about how the Ca(2+) entry through mechanosensitive ion channels affects the proliferation of RGCs. Hence, we hypothesized that shear stress due to a flow of CSF boosts the proliferative potential of RGCs possibly via an activation of mechanosensitive Ca(2+) channel during the embryonic brain development. Here, we developed a new microfluidic two-dimensional culture system to establish a link between the flow shear stress and the proliferative activity of cultured RGCs. Using this microfluidic device, we successfully visualized the artificial CSF and RGCs in direct contact and found a significant enhancement of proliferative capacity of RGCs in response to increased shear stress. To determine if there are any mechanosensitive ion channels involved, a mechanical stimulation by poking was given to individual RGCs. We found that a poking on radial glial cell induced an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) level, which disappeared under the extracellular Ca(2+)-free condition. Our results suggest that the shear stress by CSF flow possibly activates mechanosensitive Ca(2+) channels, which gives rise to a Ca(2+) entry which enhances the proliferative capacity of RGCs. The Korean Society for Brain and Neural Science 2017-04 2017-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5403909/ /pubmed/28442943 http://dx.doi.org/10.5607/en.2017.26.2.71 Text en Copyright © Experimental Neurobiology 2017. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Park, Min Gu
Jang, Heeyeong
Lee, Sang-Hoon
Lee, C. Justin
Flow Shear Stress Enhances the Proliferative Potential of Cultured Radial Glial Cells Possibly Via an Activation of Mechanosensitive Calcium Channel
title Flow Shear Stress Enhances the Proliferative Potential of Cultured Radial Glial Cells Possibly Via an Activation of Mechanosensitive Calcium Channel
title_full Flow Shear Stress Enhances the Proliferative Potential of Cultured Radial Glial Cells Possibly Via an Activation of Mechanosensitive Calcium Channel
title_fullStr Flow Shear Stress Enhances the Proliferative Potential of Cultured Radial Glial Cells Possibly Via an Activation of Mechanosensitive Calcium Channel
title_full_unstemmed Flow Shear Stress Enhances the Proliferative Potential of Cultured Radial Glial Cells Possibly Via an Activation of Mechanosensitive Calcium Channel
title_short Flow Shear Stress Enhances the Proliferative Potential of Cultured Radial Glial Cells Possibly Via an Activation of Mechanosensitive Calcium Channel
title_sort flow shear stress enhances the proliferative potential of cultured radial glial cells possibly via an activation of mechanosensitive calcium channel
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5403909/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28442943
http://dx.doi.org/10.5607/en.2017.26.2.71
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