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New Treatment Strategies of Depression: Based on Mechanisms Related to Neuroplasticity

Major depressive disorder is a severe and complex mental disorder. Impaired neurotransmission and disrupted signalling pathways may influence neuroplasticity, which is involved in the brain dysfunction in depression. Traditional neurobiological theories of depression, such as monoamine hypothesis, c...

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Autores principales: Huang, Yu-Jhen, Lane, Hsien-Yuan, Lin, Chieh-Hsin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5405587/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28491480
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4605971
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author Huang, Yu-Jhen
Lane, Hsien-Yuan
Lin, Chieh-Hsin
author_facet Huang, Yu-Jhen
Lane, Hsien-Yuan
Lin, Chieh-Hsin
author_sort Huang, Yu-Jhen
collection PubMed
description Major depressive disorder is a severe and complex mental disorder. Impaired neurotransmission and disrupted signalling pathways may influence neuroplasticity, which is involved in the brain dysfunction in depression. Traditional neurobiological theories of depression, such as monoamine hypothesis, cannot fully explain the whole picture of depressive disorders. In this review, we discussed new treatment directions of depression, including modulation of glutamatergic system and noninvasive brain stimulation. Dysfunction of glutamatergic neurotransmission plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has rapid and lasting antidepressive effects in previous studies. In addition to ketamine, other glutamatergic modulators, such as sarcosine, also show potential antidepressant effect in animal models or clinical trials. Noninvasive brain stimulation is another new treatment strategy beyond pharmacotherapy. Growing evidence has demonstrated that superficial brain stimulations, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, cranial electrotherapy stimulation, and magnetic seizure therapy, can improve depressive symptoms. The antidepressive effect of these brain stimulations may be through modulating neuroplasticity. In conclusion, drugs that modulate neurotransmission via NMDA receptor and noninvasive brain stimulation may provide new directions of treatment for depression. Furthermore, exploring the underlying mechanisms will help in developing novel therapies for depression in the future.
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spelling pubmed-54055872017-05-10 New Treatment Strategies of Depression: Based on Mechanisms Related to Neuroplasticity Huang, Yu-Jhen Lane, Hsien-Yuan Lin, Chieh-Hsin Neural Plast Review Article Major depressive disorder is a severe and complex mental disorder. Impaired neurotransmission and disrupted signalling pathways may influence neuroplasticity, which is involved in the brain dysfunction in depression. Traditional neurobiological theories of depression, such as monoamine hypothesis, cannot fully explain the whole picture of depressive disorders. In this review, we discussed new treatment directions of depression, including modulation of glutamatergic system and noninvasive brain stimulation. Dysfunction of glutamatergic neurotransmission plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has rapid and lasting antidepressive effects in previous studies. In addition to ketamine, other glutamatergic modulators, such as sarcosine, also show potential antidepressant effect in animal models or clinical trials. Noninvasive brain stimulation is another new treatment strategy beyond pharmacotherapy. Growing evidence has demonstrated that superficial brain stimulations, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, cranial electrotherapy stimulation, and magnetic seizure therapy, can improve depressive symptoms. The antidepressive effect of these brain stimulations may be through modulating neuroplasticity. In conclusion, drugs that modulate neurotransmission via NMDA receptor and noninvasive brain stimulation may provide new directions of treatment for depression. Furthermore, exploring the underlying mechanisms will help in developing novel therapies for depression in the future. Hindawi 2017 2017-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC5405587/ /pubmed/28491480 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4605971 Text en Copyright © 2017 Yu-Jhen Huang et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Huang, Yu-Jhen
Lane, Hsien-Yuan
Lin, Chieh-Hsin
New Treatment Strategies of Depression: Based on Mechanisms Related to Neuroplasticity
title New Treatment Strategies of Depression: Based on Mechanisms Related to Neuroplasticity
title_full New Treatment Strategies of Depression: Based on Mechanisms Related to Neuroplasticity
title_fullStr New Treatment Strategies of Depression: Based on Mechanisms Related to Neuroplasticity
title_full_unstemmed New Treatment Strategies of Depression: Based on Mechanisms Related to Neuroplasticity
title_short New Treatment Strategies of Depression: Based on Mechanisms Related to Neuroplasticity
title_sort new treatment strategies of depression: based on mechanisms related to neuroplasticity
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5405587/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28491480
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4605971
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