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Water temperature-dependent degradation of environmental DNA and its relation to bacterial abundance
Environmental DNA (eDNA) is DNA shed by organisms into surrounding environments such as soil and water. The new methods using eDNA as a marker for species detection are being rapidly developed. Here we explore basic knowledge regarding the dependence of the eDNA degradation rate on time and water te...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2017
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5407774/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28448613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176608 |
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author | Tsuji, Satsuki Ushio, Masayuki Sakurai, Sho Minamoto, Toshifumi Yamanaka, Hiroki |
author_facet | Tsuji, Satsuki Ushio, Masayuki Sakurai, Sho Minamoto, Toshifumi Yamanaka, Hiroki |
author_sort | Tsuji, Satsuki |
collection | PubMed |
description | Environmental DNA (eDNA) is DNA shed by organisms into surrounding environments such as soil and water. The new methods using eDNA as a marker for species detection are being rapidly developed. Here we explore basic knowledge regarding the dependence of the eDNA degradation rate on time and water temperature, and the relationship between eDNA degradation and bacterial abundance. This subject has not been well clarified, even though it is essential for improving the reliability of eDNA analysis. To determine the time- and water temperature-dependent degradation of eDNA, river water was sampled and eDNA concentrations were determined for ayu sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) at seven time points, over a 48-h period, and at three different water temperatures. The degradation of eDNA was modeled for each species using an existing exponential decay model with an extension to include water temperature effects. The degradation models were constructed for ayu sweetfish as N(t) = 229,901.2 × exp [− (0.01062 × k − 0.07081) × t] and for common carp as N(t) = 2,558.0 × exp [− (0.01075 × k − 0.07372) × t]. N(t) is the DNA concentration at time t (elapsed time in hours) and k is the water temperature (°C). We also measured the concentration of eDNA derived from purified genomic DNA of the common carp, which was spiked into aquarium water without the target species, and we measured the bacterial abundance in the sample water after 12 and 24 h of incubation. Environmental DNA degradation was accelerated at higher water temperatures (generalized linear model, GLM; p < 0.001), but bacterial abundance did not have a significant effect on eDNA degradation (GLM, p = 0.097). These results suggest that the proper treatment of this temperature effect in data interpretations and adjustments would increase the reliability of eDNA analysis in future studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5407774 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54077742017-05-14 Water temperature-dependent degradation of environmental DNA and its relation to bacterial abundance Tsuji, Satsuki Ushio, Masayuki Sakurai, Sho Minamoto, Toshifumi Yamanaka, Hiroki PLoS One Research Article Environmental DNA (eDNA) is DNA shed by organisms into surrounding environments such as soil and water. The new methods using eDNA as a marker for species detection are being rapidly developed. Here we explore basic knowledge regarding the dependence of the eDNA degradation rate on time and water temperature, and the relationship between eDNA degradation and bacterial abundance. This subject has not been well clarified, even though it is essential for improving the reliability of eDNA analysis. To determine the time- and water temperature-dependent degradation of eDNA, river water was sampled and eDNA concentrations were determined for ayu sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) at seven time points, over a 48-h period, and at three different water temperatures. The degradation of eDNA was modeled for each species using an existing exponential decay model with an extension to include water temperature effects. The degradation models were constructed for ayu sweetfish as N(t) = 229,901.2 × exp [− (0.01062 × k − 0.07081) × t] and for common carp as N(t) = 2,558.0 × exp [− (0.01075 × k − 0.07372) × t]. N(t) is the DNA concentration at time t (elapsed time in hours) and k is the water temperature (°C). We also measured the concentration of eDNA derived from purified genomic DNA of the common carp, which was spiked into aquarium water without the target species, and we measured the bacterial abundance in the sample water after 12 and 24 h of incubation. Environmental DNA degradation was accelerated at higher water temperatures (generalized linear model, GLM; p < 0.001), but bacterial abundance did not have a significant effect on eDNA degradation (GLM, p = 0.097). These results suggest that the proper treatment of this temperature effect in data interpretations and adjustments would increase the reliability of eDNA analysis in future studies. Public Library of Science 2017-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC5407774/ /pubmed/28448613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176608 Text en © 2017 Tsuji et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Tsuji, Satsuki Ushio, Masayuki Sakurai, Sho Minamoto, Toshifumi Yamanaka, Hiroki Water temperature-dependent degradation of environmental DNA and its relation to bacterial abundance |
title | Water temperature-dependent degradation of environmental DNA and its relation to bacterial abundance |
title_full | Water temperature-dependent degradation of environmental DNA and its relation to bacterial abundance |
title_fullStr | Water temperature-dependent degradation of environmental DNA and its relation to bacterial abundance |
title_full_unstemmed | Water temperature-dependent degradation of environmental DNA and its relation to bacterial abundance |
title_short | Water temperature-dependent degradation of environmental DNA and its relation to bacterial abundance |
title_sort | water temperature-dependent degradation of environmental dna and its relation to bacterial abundance |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5407774/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28448613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176608 |
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