La survie en hémodialyse chronique au Cameroun

INTRODUCTION: Haemodialysis is the only renal replacement therapy available in Cameroon; 95% of patients has received subsidies by the State since 2002 and the number of dialysis centers is growing. However, since the opening of the first center in 1990, there are no data on survival in chronic dialysis patients. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study of 15 months in order to assess mortality rates and factors that influence the survival of chronic hemodialysis patients in Cameroon. RÉSULTS: We followed 197 patients of whom 109 were incident patients. The average age was 47,97± 13.19 years and 55% were male. The mean duration of dialysis in prevalent patients was 12.5 months. The mortality rate was 57,58%, 50% of which occurred the first 3 months and abandonment rate was 8.6%. Uremia and catheter-related sepsis were the main causes of death. At a median follow up of 15 months, the overall survival was 30.77%, with an average duration of life of 8 months. Prevalent patients, patient’s place of residence where the dialysis center is located, nonfamily management, predialysis follow up > 3 months, blood cholesterol when patient first started on dialysis> 1.5g/l, a mental test score > 25 were associated with a better survival. CONCLUSION: In Cameroon, mortality rate in hemodialysis patients is high, with a mean survival time of 8 months; most patients die within the first 3 months.