Cargando…
Failures of cognitive control or attention? The case of stop-signal deficits in schizophrenia
We used Bayesian cognitive modelling to identify the underlying causes of apparent inhibitory deficits in the stop-signal paradigm. The analysis was applied to stop-signal data reported by Badcock et al. (Psychological Medicine 32: 87-297, 2002) and Hughes et al. (Biological Psychology 89: 220-231,...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2017
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5413535/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28185228 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1287-8 |
_version_ | 1783233195454496768 |
---|---|
author | Matzke, Dora Hughes, Matthew Badcock, Johanna C. Michie, Patricia Heathcote, Andrew |
author_facet | Matzke, Dora Hughes, Matthew Badcock, Johanna C. Michie, Patricia Heathcote, Andrew |
author_sort | Matzke, Dora |
collection | PubMed |
description | We used Bayesian cognitive modelling to identify the underlying causes of apparent inhibitory deficits in the stop-signal paradigm. The analysis was applied to stop-signal data reported by Badcock et al. (Psychological Medicine 32: 87-297, 2002) and Hughes et al. (Biological Psychology 89: 220-231, 2012), where schizophrenia patients and control participants made rapid choice responses, but on some trials were signalled to stop their ongoing response. Previous research has assumed an inhibitory deficit in schizophrenia, because estimates of the mean time taken to react to the stop signal are longer in patients than controls. We showed that these longer estimates are partly due to failing to react to the stop signal (“trigger failures”) and partly due to a slower initiation of inhibition, implicating a failure of attention rather than a deficit in the inhibitory process itself. Correlations between the probability of trigger failures and event-related potentials reported by Hughes et al. are interpreted as supporting the attentional account of inhibitory deficits. Our results, and those of Matzke et al. (2016), who report that controls also display a substantial although lower trigger-failure rate, indicate that attentional factors need to be taken into account when interpreting results from the stop-signal paradigm. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5413535 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54135352017-05-19 Failures of cognitive control or attention? The case of stop-signal deficits in schizophrenia Matzke, Dora Hughes, Matthew Badcock, Johanna C. Michie, Patricia Heathcote, Andrew Atten Percept Psychophys Article We used Bayesian cognitive modelling to identify the underlying causes of apparent inhibitory deficits in the stop-signal paradigm. The analysis was applied to stop-signal data reported by Badcock et al. (Psychological Medicine 32: 87-297, 2002) and Hughes et al. (Biological Psychology 89: 220-231, 2012), where schizophrenia patients and control participants made rapid choice responses, but on some trials were signalled to stop their ongoing response. Previous research has assumed an inhibitory deficit in schizophrenia, because estimates of the mean time taken to react to the stop signal are longer in patients than controls. We showed that these longer estimates are partly due to failing to react to the stop signal (“trigger failures”) and partly due to a slower initiation of inhibition, implicating a failure of attention rather than a deficit in the inhibitory process itself. Correlations between the probability of trigger failures and event-related potentials reported by Hughes et al. are interpreted as supporting the attentional account of inhibitory deficits. Our results, and those of Matzke et al. (2016), who report that controls also display a substantial although lower trigger-failure rate, indicate that attentional factors need to be taken into account when interpreting results from the stop-signal paradigm. Springer US 2017-02-09 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5413535/ /pubmed/28185228 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1287-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Article Matzke, Dora Hughes, Matthew Badcock, Johanna C. Michie, Patricia Heathcote, Andrew Failures of cognitive control or attention? The case of stop-signal deficits in schizophrenia |
title | Failures of cognitive control or attention? The case of stop-signal deficits in schizophrenia |
title_full | Failures of cognitive control or attention? The case of stop-signal deficits in schizophrenia |
title_fullStr | Failures of cognitive control or attention? The case of stop-signal deficits in schizophrenia |
title_full_unstemmed | Failures of cognitive control or attention? The case of stop-signal deficits in schizophrenia |
title_short | Failures of cognitive control or attention? The case of stop-signal deficits in schizophrenia |
title_sort | failures of cognitive control or attention? the case of stop-signal deficits in schizophrenia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5413535/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28185228 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1287-8 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT matzkedora failuresofcognitivecontrolorattentionthecaseofstopsignaldeficitsinschizophrenia AT hughesmatthew failuresofcognitivecontrolorattentionthecaseofstopsignaldeficitsinschizophrenia AT badcockjohannac failuresofcognitivecontrolorattentionthecaseofstopsignaldeficitsinschizophrenia AT michiepatricia failuresofcognitivecontrolorattentionthecaseofstopsignaldeficitsinschizophrenia AT heathcoteandrew failuresofcognitivecontrolorattentionthecaseofstopsignaldeficitsinschizophrenia |