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Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant
Narcolepsy is a neurological disease that affects 1 in 2,000 individuals and is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). In 60–70% of individuals with narcolepsy, it is also characterized by cataplexy or a sudden loss of muscle tone that is triggered by positive or negative emotions. Nar...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2017
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5414617/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28490912 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S103462 |
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author | Calik, Michael W |
author_facet | Calik, Michael W |
author_sort | Calik, Michael W |
collection | PubMed |
description | Narcolepsy is a neurological disease that affects 1 in 2,000 individuals and is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). In 60–70% of individuals with narcolepsy, it is also characterized by cataplexy or a sudden loss of muscle tone that is triggered by positive or negative emotions. Narcolepsy decreases the quality of life of the afflicted individuals. Currently used drugs treat EDS alone (modafinil/armodafinil, methylphenidate, and amphetamine), cataplexy alone (“off-label” use of antidepressants), or both EDS and cataplexy (sodium oxybate). These drugs have abuse, tolerability, and adherence issues. A greater diversity of drug options is needed to treat narcolepsy. The small molecule drug, pitolisant, acts as an inverse agonist/antagonist at the H(3) receptor, thus increasing histaminergic tone in the wake promoting system of the brain. Pitolisant has been studied in animal models of narcolepsy and used in clinical trials as a treatment for narcolepsy. A comprehensive search of online databases (eg, Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library Database, Ovid MEDLINE, Europe PubMed Central, EBSCOhost CINAHL, ProQuest Research Library, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed. Nonrandomized and randomized studies were included. This review focuses on the outcomes of four clinical trials of pitolisant to treat narcolepsy. These four trials show that pitolisant is an effective drug to treat EDS and cataplexy in narcolepsy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5414617 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54146172017-05-10 Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant Calik, Michael W Nat Sci Sleep Review Narcolepsy is a neurological disease that affects 1 in 2,000 individuals and is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). In 60–70% of individuals with narcolepsy, it is also characterized by cataplexy or a sudden loss of muscle tone that is triggered by positive or negative emotions. Narcolepsy decreases the quality of life of the afflicted individuals. Currently used drugs treat EDS alone (modafinil/armodafinil, methylphenidate, and amphetamine), cataplexy alone (“off-label” use of antidepressants), or both EDS and cataplexy (sodium oxybate). These drugs have abuse, tolerability, and adherence issues. A greater diversity of drug options is needed to treat narcolepsy. The small molecule drug, pitolisant, acts as an inverse agonist/antagonist at the H(3) receptor, thus increasing histaminergic tone in the wake promoting system of the brain. Pitolisant has been studied in animal models of narcolepsy and used in clinical trials as a treatment for narcolepsy. A comprehensive search of online databases (eg, Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library Database, Ovid MEDLINE, Europe PubMed Central, EBSCOhost CINAHL, ProQuest Research Library, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed. Nonrandomized and randomized studies were included. This review focuses on the outcomes of four clinical trials of pitolisant to treat narcolepsy. These four trials show that pitolisant is an effective drug to treat EDS and cataplexy in narcolepsy. Dove Medical Press 2017-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5414617/ /pubmed/28490912 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S103462 Text en © 2017 Calik. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. |
spellingShingle | Review Calik, Michael W Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant |
title | Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant |
title_full | Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant |
title_fullStr | Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant |
title_full_unstemmed | Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant |
title_short | Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant |
title_sort | update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5414617/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28490912 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S103462 |
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