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Comparison of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction and Dynamic Maceration Over Content of Tagitinin C obtained from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray Leaves Using Factorial Design

BACKGROUND: Tithonia diversifolia belongs to the Asteraceae family. The leaves of T. diversifolia have been studied lately because of the presence of tagitinin C. OBJECTIVE: Looking for an easy and inexpensive method to extract tagitinin C from T. diversifolia leaves, this work aims to conduct a scr...

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Autores principales: Silva, Aline M. R., Ferreira, Nayara L. O., Oliveira, Anselmo E., Borges, Leonardo L., Conceição, Edemilson C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5421425/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28539720
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.204555
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author Silva, Aline M. R.
Ferreira, Nayara L. O.
Oliveira, Anselmo E.
Borges, Leonardo L.
Conceição, Edemilson C.
author_facet Silva, Aline M. R.
Ferreira, Nayara L. O.
Oliveira, Anselmo E.
Borges, Leonardo L.
Conceição, Edemilson C.
author_sort Silva, Aline M. R.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Tithonia diversifolia belongs to the Asteraceae family. The leaves of T. diversifolia have been studied lately because of the presence of tagitinin C. OBJECTIVE: Looking for an easy and inexpensive method to extract tagitinin C from T. diversifolia leaves, this work aims to conduct a screening to evaluate the influence of different experimental factors using the dynamic maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods with 2(3) factorial design based on response surface methodology in enhancing this chemical marker extraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental factors were: extraction time (ET) of 30 and 60 minutes, solid: liquid ratio (SLR) of 5 and 10 grams/grams and ethanolic strength (ES) 48 and 96% (w/w). The experiments were done tripled. The content of tagitinin C in each produced extract was quantified by HPLC method. RESULTS: The highest concentrations of tagitinin C obtained under the experimental design were 0.53 mg/mL and 0.71 mg/mL, respectively for dynamic maceration (DM) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) from Tithonia diversifolia powdered leaves. For the UAE method, the main parameter for higher contents of tagitinin C was the solid: liquid ratio, followed by the ethanolic strength, and the extraction time was not significant for this method. As for the DM method, all the parameters (SLR, ES, and ET) were significant for a higher content of tagitinin C. CONCLUSION: Based on the obtained results, it was revealed that the ultrasound-assisted extraction was more effective than dynamic maceration for tagitinin C extraction from T. diversifolia powdered leaves. SUMMARY: Tithonia diversifolia leaves possess tagitinin C, a sesquiterpene lactone, as an important secondary metabolite with several biological activities, such as antimalarial, gastroprotective, chemotherapeutic adjuvants, and toxic activities. Ultrasound-assisted extraction was more effective to obtain higher levels of tagitinin C when compared with dynamic maceration extraction. Factorial design can be employed as a screening tool to find the effects of factors investigated in the extraction processes. Abbreviation used: DME: dynamic maceration extraction, UAE: ultrasound-assisted extraction, ET: extraction time, ES: ethanolic strength, SLR: solid:liquid ratio, Tag C: tagitinin C, HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography.
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spelling pubmed-54214252017-05-24 Comparison of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction and Dynamic Maceration Over Content of Tagitinin C obtained from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray Leaves Using Factorial Design Silva, Aline M. R. Ferreira, Nayara L. O. Oliveira, Anselmo E. Borges, Leonardo L. Conceição, Edemilson C. Pharmacogn Mag Original Article BACKGROUND: Tithonia diversifolia belongs to the Asteraceae family. The leaves of T. diversifolia have been studied lately because of the presence of tagitinin C. OBJECTIVE: Looking for an easy and inexpensive method to extract tagitinin C from T. diversifolia leaves, this work aims to conduct a screening to evaluate the influence of different experimental factors using the dynamic maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods with 2(3) factorial design based on response surface methodology in enhancing this chemical marker extraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental factors were: extraction time (ET) of 30 and 60 minutes, solid: liquid ratio (SLR) of 5 and 10 grams/grams and ethanolic strength (ES) 48 and 96% (w/w). The experiments were done tripled. The content of tagitinin C in each produced extract was quantified by HPLC method. RESULTS: The highest concentrations of tagitinin C obtained under the experimental design were 0.53 mg/mL and 0.71 mg/mL, respectively for dynamic maceration (DM) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) from Tithonia diversifolia powdered leaves. For the UAE method, the main parameter for higher contents of tagitinin C was the solid: liquid ratio, followed by the ethanolic strength, and the extraction time was not significant for this method. As for the DM method, all the parameters (SLR, ES, and ET) were significant for a higher content of tagitinin C. CONCLUSION: Based on the obtained results, it was revealed that the ultrasound-assisted extraction was more effective than dynamic maceration for tagitinin C extraction from T. diversifolia powdered leaves. SUMMARY: Tithonia diversifolia leaves possess tagitinin C, a sesquiterpene lactone, as an important secondary metabolite with several biological activities, such as antimalarial, gastroprotective, chemotherapeutic adjuvants, and toxic activities. Ultrasound-assisted extraction was more effective to obtain higher levels of tagitinin C when compared with dynamic maceration extraction. Factorial design can be employed as a screening tool to find the effects of factors investigated in the extraction processes. Abbreviation used: DME: dynamic maceration extraction, UAE: ultrasound-assisted extraction, ET: extraction time, ES: ethanolic strength, SLR: solid:liquid ratio, Tag C: tagitinin C, HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2017 2017-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5421425/ /pubmed/28539720 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.204555 Text en Copyright: © 2017 Pharmacognosy Magazine http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Original Article
Silva, Aline M. R.
Ferreira, Nayara L. O.
Oliveira, Anselmo E.
Borges, Leonardo L.
Conceição, Edemilson C.
Comparison of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction and Dynamic Maceration Over Content of Tagitinin C obtained from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray Leaves Using Factorial Design
title Comparison of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction and Dynamic Maceration Over Content of Tagitinin C obtained from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray Leaves Using Factorial Design
title_full Comparison of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction and Dynamic Maceration Over Content of Tagitinin C obtained from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray Leaves Using Factorial Design
title_fullStr Comparison of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction and Dynamic Maceration Over Content of Tagitinin C obtained from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray Leaves Using Factorial Design
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction and Dynamic Maceration Over Content of Tagitinin C obtained from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray Leaves Using Factorial Design
title_short Comparison of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction and Dynamic Maceration Over Content of Tagitinin C obtained from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray Leaves Using Factorial Design
title_sort comparison of ultrasound-assisted extraction and dynamic maceration over content of tagitinin c obtained from tithonia diversifolia (hemsl.) a. gray leaves using factorial design
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5421425/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28539720
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.204555
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