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Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Lodging Resistance in Oilseed Rape

Yield and lodging related traits are essential for improving rapeseed production. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of plant density (D) and nitrogen (N) rates on morphological and physiological traits related to yield and lodging in rapeseed. We evaluated Huayouza...

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Autores principales: Khan, Shahbaz, Anwar, Sumera, Kuai, Jie, Ullah, Sana, Fahad, Shah, Zhou, Guangsheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5423294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28536581
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00532
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author Khan, Shahbaz
Anwar, Sumera
Kuai, Jie
Ullah, Sana
Fahad, Shah
Zhou, Guangsheng
author_facet Khan, Shahbaz
Anwar, Sumera
Kuai, Jie
Ullah, Sana
Fahad, Shah
Zhou, Guangsheng
author_sort Khan, Shahbaz
collection PubMed
description Yield and lodging related traits are essential for improving rapeseed production. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of plant density (D) and nitrogen (N) rates on morphological and physiological traits related to yield and lodging in rapeseed. We evaluated Huayouza 9 for two consecutive growing seasons (2014–2016) under three plant densities (LD, 10 plants m(−2); MD, 30 plants m(−2); HD, 60 plants m(−2)) and four N rates (0, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha(−1)). Experiment was laid out in split plot design using density as a main factor and N as sub-plot factor with three replications each. Seed yield was increased by increasing density and N rate, reaching a peak at HD with 180 kg N ha(−1). The effect of N rate was consistently positive in increasing the plant height, pod area index, 1,000 seed weight, shoot and root dry weights, and root neck diameter, reaching a peak at 180 kg N ha(−1). Plant height was decreased by increasing D, whereas the maximum radiation interception (~80%) and net photosynthetic rate were recorded at MD at highest N. Lodging resistance and nitrogen use efficiency significantly increased with increasing D from 10 to 30 plants m(−2), and N rate up to 120 kg ha(−1), further increase of D and N decreased lodging resistance and NUE. Hence, our study implies that planting density 30 plants m(−2) can improve yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and enhance lodging resistance by improving crop canopy.
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spelling pubmed-54232942017-05-23 Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Lodging Resistance in Oilseed Rape Khan, Shahbaz Anwar, Sumera Kuai, Jie Ullah, Sana Fahad, Shah Zhou, Guangsheng Front Plant Sci Plant Science Yield and lodging related traits are essential for improving rapeseed production. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of plant density (D) and nitrogen (N) rates on morphological and physiological traits related to yield and lodging in rapeseed. We evaluated Huayouza 9 for two consecutive growing seasons (2014–2016) under three plant densities (LD, 10 plants m(−2); MD, 30 plants m(−2); HD, 60 plants m(−2)) and four N rates (0, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha(−1)). Experiment was laid out in split plot design using density as a main factor and N as sub-plot factor with three replications each. Seed yield was increased by increasing density and N rate, reaching a peak at HD with 180 kg N ha(−1). The effect of N rate was consistently positive in increasing the plant height, pod area index, 1,000 seed weight, shoot and root dry weights, and root neck diameter, reaching a peak at 180 kg N ha(−1). Plant height was decreased by increasing D, whereas the maximum radiation interception (~80%) and net photosynthetic rate were recorded at MD at highest N. Lodging resistance and nitrogen use efficiency significantly increased with increasing D from 10 to 30 plants m(−2), and N rate up to 120 kg ha(−1), further increase of D and N decreased lodging resistance and NUE. Hence, our study implies that planting density 30 plants m(−2) can improve yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and enhance lodging resistance by improving crop canopy. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-05-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5423294/ /pubmed/28536581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00532 Text en Copyright © 2017 Khan, Anwar, Kuai, Ullah, Fahad and Zhou. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Khan, Shahbaz
Anwar, Sumera
Kuai, Jie
Ullah, Sana
Fahad, Shah
Zhou, Guangsheng
Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Lodging Resistance in Oilseed Rape
title Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Lodging Resistance in Oilseed Rape
title_full Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Lodging Resistance in Oilseed Rape
title_fullStr Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Lodging Resistance in Oilseed Rape
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Lodging Resistance in Oilseed Rape
title_short Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Lodging Resistance in Oilseed Rape
title_sort optimization of nitrogen rate and planting density for improving yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and lodging resistance in oilseed rape
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5423294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28536581
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00532
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