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Association between menarche and iron deficiency in non-anemic young women

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) among non-pregnant, reproductive-age US women significantly exceeds rates among males. In clinical practice ID screening relies on hemoglobin, a late-stage indicator of ID. As a single, low-cost laboratory test to diagnose ID before anemia develops...

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Autores principales: Sekhar, Deepa L., Murray-Kolb, Laura E., Kunselman, Allen R., Weisman, Carol S., Paul, Ian M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5423639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28486542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177183
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author Sekhar, Deepa L.
Murray-Kolb, Laura E.
Kunselman, Allen R.
Weisman, Carol S.
Paul, Ian M.
author_facet Sekhar, Deepa L.
Murray-Kolb, Laura E.
Kunselman, Allen R.
Weisman, Carol S.
Paul, Ian M.
author_sort Sekhar, Deepa L.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) among non-pregnant, reproductive-age US women significantly exceeds rates among males. In clinical practice ID screening relies on hemoglobin, a late-stage indicator of ID. As a single, low-cost laboratory test to diagnose ID before anemia develops is lacking, the study objective was to improve ID screening by identifying risk factors among non-anemic, iron-deficient reproductive age women. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2010. Hemoglobin identified non-anemic women. ID was defined using the body iron formula, requiring ferritin and transferrin receptor values. Logistic regression assessed the association of sociodemographic, behavioral, and reproductive risk factors in an anemia-based conceptual framework with non-anemic reproductive age women (12–49 years) with ID, as well as subsets of younger (12–21 years) and older (22–49 years) women, recognizing that risks may differ by age. RESULTS: Among 6216 women, 494 had ID (prevalence was 8.0%, 95% CI 7.3%, 8.6%). Among non-anemic younger women, 250 (8.7%, 95% CI 7.7%, 9.8%) had ID, compared to 244 (7.3%, 95% CI 6.4%, 8.2%) older women. Among younger women, menstruation for over 3 years was the only variable significantly associated with non-anemic ID (risk ratio 3.18, 95% CI 2.03, 4.96). No other significant risk factors were identified. CONCLUSION: Menstrual years was the only risk factor significantly associated with ID among non-anemic younger women. The negative results suggest ID risk factors among non-anemic women may need to be considered separately from those associated with ID anemia.
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spelling pubmed-54236392017-05-15 Association between menarche and iron deficiency in non-anemic young women Sekhar, Deepa L. Murray-Kolb, Laura E. Kunselman, Allen R. Weisman, Carol S. Paul, Ian M. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: The prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) among non-pregnant, reproductive-age US women significantly exceeds rates among males. In clinical practice ID screening relies on hemoglobin, a late-stage indicator of ID. As a single, low-cost laboratory test to diagnose ID before anemia develops is lacking, the study objective was to improve ID screening by identifying risk factors among non-anemic, iron-deficient reproductive age women. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2010. Hemoglobin identified non-anemic women. ID was defined using the body iron formula, requiring ferritin and transferrin receptor values. Logistic regression assessed the association of sociodemographic, behavioral, and reproductive risk factors in an anemia-based conceptual framework with non-anemic reproductive age women (12–49 years) with ID, as well as subsets of younger (12–21 years) and older (22–49 years) women, recognizing that risks may differ by age. RESULTS: Among 6216 women, 494 had ID (prevalence was 8.0%, 95% CI 7.3%, 8.6%). Among non-anemic younger women, 250 (8.7%, 95% CI 7.7%, 9.8%) had ID, compared to 244 (7.3%, 95% CI 6.4%, 8.2%) older women. Among younger women, menstruation for over 3 years was the only variable significantly associated with non-anemic ID (risk ratio 3.18, 95% CI 2.03, 4.96). No other significant risk factors were identified. CONCLUSION: Menstrual years was the only risk factor significantly associated with ID among non-anemic younger women. The negative results suggest ID risk factors among non-anemic women may need to be considered separately from those associated with ID anemia. Public Library of Science 2017-05-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5423639/ /pubmed/28486542 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177183 Text en © 2017 Sekhar et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sekhar, Deepa L.
Murray-Kolb, Laura E.
Kunselman, Allen R.
Weisman, Carol S.
Paul, Ian M.
Association between menarche and iron deficiency in non-anemic young women
title Association between menarche and iron deficiency in non-anemic young women
title_full Association between menarche and iron deficiency in non-anemic young women
title_fullStr Association between menarche and iron deficiency in non-anemic young women
title_full_unstemmed Association between menarche and iron deficiency in non-anemic young women
title_short Association between menarche and iron deficiency in non-anemic young women
title_sort association between menarche and iron deficiency in non-anemic young women
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5423639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28486542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177183
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