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Fitness, fatness and the reallocation of time between children’s daily movement behaviours: an analysis of compositional data

BACKGROUND: Movement behaviours performed over a finite period such as a 24 h day are compositional data. Compositional data exist in a constrained simplex geometry that is incongruent with traditional multivariate analytical techniques. However, the expression of compositional data as log-ratio co-...

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Autores principales: Fairclough, Stuart J., Dumuid, Dorothea, Taylor, Sarah, Curry, Whitney, McGrane, Bronagh, Stratton, Gareth, Maher, Carol, Olds, Timothy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5424384/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28486972
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0521-z
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author Fairclough, Stuart J.
Dumuid, Dorothea
Taylor, Sarah
Curry, Whitney
McGrane, Bronagh
Stratton, Gareth
Maher, Carol
Olds, Timothy
author_facet Fairclough, Stuart J.
Dumuid, Dorothea
Taylor, Sarah
Curry, Whitney
McGrane, Bronagh
Stratton, Gareth
Maher, Carol
Olds, Timothy
author_sort Fairclough, Stuart J.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Movement behaviours performed over a finite period such as a 24 h day are compositional data. Compositional data exist in a constrained simplex geometry that is incongruent with traditional multivariate analytical techniques. However, the expression of compositional data as log-ratio co-ordinate systems transfers them to the unconstrained real space, where standard multivariate statistics can be used. This study aimed to use a compositional data analysis approach to examine the adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness predictions of time reallocations between children’s daily movement behaviours. METHODS: This study used cross-sectional data from the Active Schools: Skelmersdale study, which involved Year 5 children from a low-income community in northwest England (n = 169). Measures included accelerometer-derived 24 h activity (sedentary time [ST], light physical activity [LPA], moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], and sleep), cardiorespiratory fitness determined by the 20 m shuttle run test, objectively measured height, weight and waist circumference (from which zBMI and percent waist circumference-to-height ratio (%WHtR) were derived) and sociodemographic covariates. Log-ratio multiple linear regression models were used to predict adiposity and fitness for the mean movement behaviour composition, and for new compositions where fixed durations of time had been reallocated from one behaviour to another, while the remaining behaviours were unchanged. Predictions were also made for reallocations of fixed durations of time using the mean composition of three different weight status categories (underweight, normal-weight, and overweight/obese) as the starting point. RESULTS: Replacing MVPA with any other movement behaviour around the mean movement composition predicted higher adiposity and lower CRF. The log-ratio model predictions were asymmetrical: when time was reallocated to MVPA from sleep, ST, or LPA, the estimated detriments to fitness and adiposity were larger in magnitude than the estimated benefits of time reallocation from MVPA to sleep, ST or LPA. The greatest differences in fitness and fatness for reallocation of fixed duration of MVPA were predicted at the mean composition of overweight/obese children. CONCLUSIONS: Findings reinforce the key role of MVPA for children’s health. Reallocating time from ST and LPA to MVPA in children is advocated in school, home, and community settings. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0521-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-54243842017-05-10 Fitness, fatness and the reallocation of time between children’s daily movement behaviours: an analysis of compositional data Fairclough, Stuart J. Dumuid, Dorothea Taylor, Sarah Curry, Whitney McGrane, Bronagh Stratton, Gareth Maher, Carol Olds, Timothy Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Research BACKGROUND: Movement behaviours performed over a finite period such as a 24 h day are compositional data. Compositional data exist in a constrained simplex geometry that is incongruent with traditional multivariate analytical techniques. However, the expression of compositional data as log-ratio co-ordinate systems transfers them to the unconstrained real space, where standard multivariate statistics can be used. This study aimed to use a compositional data analysis approach to examine the adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness predictions of time reallocations between children’s daily movement behaviours. METHODS: This study used cross-sectional data from the Active Schools: Skelmersdale study, which involved Year 5 children from a low-income community in northwest England (n = 169). Measures included accelerometer-derived 24 h activity (sedentary time [ST], light physical activity [LPA], moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], and sleep), cardiorespiratory fitness determined by the 20 m shuttle run test, objectively measured height, weight and waist circumference (from which zBMI and percent waist circumference-to-height ratio (%WHtR) were derived) and sociodemographic covariates. Log-ratio multiple linear regression models were used to predict adiposity and fitness for the mean movement behaviour composition, and for new compositions where fixed durations of time had been reallocated from one behaviour to another, while the remaining behaviours were unchanged. Predictions were also made for reallocations of fixed durations of time using the mean composition of three different weight status categories (underweight, normal-weight, and overweight/obese) as the starting point. RESULTS: Replacing MVPA with any other movement behaviour around the mean movement composition predicted higher adiposity and lower CRF. The log-ratio model predictions were asymmetrical: when time was reallocated to MVPA from sleep, ST, or LPA, the estimated detriments to fitness and adiposity were larger in magnitude than the estimated benefits of time reallocation from MVPA to sleep, ST or LPA. The greatest differences in fitness and fatness for reallocation of fixed duration of MVPA were predicted at the mean composition of overweight/obese children. CONCLUSIONS: Findings reinforce the key role of MVPA for children’s health. Reallocating time from ST and LPA to MVPA in children is advocated in school, home, and community settings. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0521-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2017-05-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5424384/ /pubmed/28486972 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0521-z Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Fairclough, Stuart J.
Dumuid, Dorothea
Taylor, Sarah
Curry, Whitney
McGrane, Bronagh
Stratton, Gareth
Maher, Carol
Olds, Timothy
Fitness, fatness and the reallocation of time between children’s daily movement behaviours: an analysis of compositional data
title Fitness, fatness and the reallocation of time between children’s daily movement behaviours: an analysis of compositional data
title_full Fitness, fatness and the reallocation of time between children’s daily movement behaviours: an analysis of compositional data
title_fullStr Fitness, fatness and the reallocation of time between children’s daily movement behaviours: an analysis of compositional data
title_full_unstemmed Fitness, fatness and the reallocation of time between children’s daily movement behaviours: an analysis of compositional data
title_short Fitness, fatness and the reallocation of time between children’s daily movement behaviours: an analysis of compositional data
title_sort fitness, fatness and the reallocation of time between children’s daily movement behaviours: an analysis of compositional data
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5424384/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28486972
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0521-z
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