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Targeting the Microglial Signaling Pathways: New Insights in the Modulation of Neuropathic Pain
The microglia, once thought only to be supporting cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are now recognized to play essential roles in many pathologies. Many studies within the last decades indicated that the neuro-immune interaction underlies the generation and maintenance of neuropathic pain....
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Bentham Science Publishers
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5427777/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27281131 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160607120124 |
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author | Popiolek-Barczyk, Katarzyna Mika, Joanna |
author_facet | Popiolek-Barczyk, Katarzyna Mika, Joanna |
author_sort | Popiolek-Barczyk, Katarzyna |
collection | PubMed |
description | The microglia, once thought only to be supporting cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are now recognized to play essential roles in many pathologies. Many studies within the last decades indicated that the neuro-immune interaction underlies the generation and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Through a large number of receptors and signaling pathways, the microglial cells communicate with neurons, astrocytes and other cells, including those of the immune system. A disturbance or loss of CNS homeostasis causes rapid responses of the microglia, which undergo a multistage activation process. The activated microglia change their cell shapes and gene expression profiles, which induce proliferation, migration, and the production of pro- or antinociceptive factors. The cells release a large number of mediators that can act in a manner detrimental or beneficial to the surrounding cells and can indirectly alter the nociceptive signals. This review discusses the most important microglial intracellular signaling cascades (MAPKs, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt) that are essential for neuropathic pain development and maintenance. Our objective was to identify new molecular targets that may result in the development of powerful tools to control the signaling associated with neuropathic pain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5427777 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Bentham Science Publishers |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54277772017-05-26 Targeting the Microglial Signaling Pathways: New Insights in the Modulation of Neuropathic Pain Popiolek-Barczyk, Katarzyna Mika, Joanna Curr Med Chem Article The microglia, once thought only to be supporting cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are now recognized to play essential roles in many pathologies. Many studies within the last decades indicated that the neuro-immune interaction underlies the generation and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Through a large number of receptors and signaling pathways, the microglial cells communicate with neurons, astrocytes and other cells, including those of the immune system. A disturbance or loss of CNS homeostasis causes rapid responses of the microglia, which undergo a multistage activation process. The activated microglia change their cell shapes and gene expression profiles, which induce proliferation, migration, and the production of pro- or antinociceptive factors. The cells release a large number of mediators that can act in a manner detrimental or beneficial to the surrounding cells and can indirectly alter the nociceptive signals. This review discusses the most important microglial intracellular signaling cascades (MAPKs, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt) that are essential for neuropathic pain development and maintenance. Our objective was to identify new molecular targets that may result in the development of powerful tools to control the signaling associated with neuropathic pain. Bentham Science Publishers 2016-08 2016-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5427777/ /pubmed/27281131 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160607120124 Text en © 2016 Bentham Science Publishers https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Article Popiolek-Barczyk, Katarzyna Mika, Joanna Targeting the Microglial Signaling Pathways: New Insights in the Modulation of Neuropathic Pain |
title | Targeting the Microglial Signaling Pathways: New Insights in the Modulation of Neuropathic Pain |
title_full | Targeting the Microglial Signaling Pathways: New Insights in the Modulation of Neuropathic Pain |
title_fullStr | Targeting the Microglial Signaling Pathways: New Insights in the Modulation of Neuropathic Pain |
title_full_unstemmed | Targeting the Microglial Signaling Pathways: New Insights in the Modulation of Neuropathic Pain |
title_short | Targeting the Microglial Signaling Pathways: New Insights in the Modulation of Neuropathic Pain |
title_sort | targeting the microglial signaling pathways: new insights in the modulation of neuropathic pain |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5427777/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27281131 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160607120124 |
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