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Weaning age influences the severity of gastrointestinal microbiome shifts in dairy calves

Ruminants microbial consortium is responsible for ruminal fermentation, a process which converts fibrous feeds unsuitable for human consumption into desirable dairy and meat products, begins to establish soon after birth. However, it undergoes a significant transition when digestion shifts from the...

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Autores principales: Meale, S. J., Li, S. C., Azevedo, P., Derakhshani, H., DeVries, T. J., Plaizier, J. C., Steele, M. A., Khafipour, E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5428063/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28298634
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00223-7
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author Meale, S. J.
Li, S. C.
Azevedo, P.
Derakhshani, H.
DeVries, T. J.
Plaizier, J. C.
Steele, M. A.
Khafipour, E.
author_facet Meale, S. J.
Li, S. C.
Azevedo, P.
Derakhshani, H.
DeVries, T. J.
Plaizier, J. C.
Steele, M. A.
Khafipour, E.
author_sort Meale, S. J.
collection PubMed
description Ruminants microbial consortium is responsible for ruminal fermentation, a process which converts fibrous feeds unsuitable for human consumption into desirable dairy and meat products, begins to establish soon after birth. However, it undergoes a significant transition when digestion shifts from the lower intestine to ruminal fermentation. We hypothesised that delaying the transition from a high milk diet to an exclusively solid food diet (weaning) would lessen the severity of changes in the gastrointestinal microbiome during this transition. β-diversity of ruminal and faecal microbiota shifted rapidly in early-weaned calves (6 weeks), whereas, a more gradual shift was observed in late-weaned calves (8 weeks) up to weaning. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the most abundant ruminal phyla in pre- and post-weaned calves, respectively. Yet, the relative abundance of these phyla remained stable in faeces (P ≥ 0.391). Inferred gene families assigned to KEGG pathways revealed an increase in ruminal carbohydrate metabolism (P ≤ 0.009) at 9, compared to 5 weeks. Conversely, carbohydrate metabolism in faeces declined (P ≤ 0.002) following a change in weaning status (i.e., the shift from pre- to post-weaning). Our results indicate weaning later facilitates a more gradual shift in microbiota and could potentially explain the negative effects of early-weaning associated with feeding a high-plane of pre-weaning nutrition.
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spelling pubmed-54280632017-05-15 Weaning age influences the severity of gastrointestinal microbiome shifts in dairy calves Meale, S. J. Li, S. C. Azevedo, P. Derakhshani, H. DeVries, T. J. Plaizier, J. C. Steele, M. A. Khafipour, E. Sci Rep Article Ruminants microbial consortium is responsible for ruminal fermentation, a process which converts fibrous feeds unsuitable for human consumption into desirable dairy and meat products, begins to establish soon after birth. However, it undergoes a significant transition when digestion shifts from the lower intestine to ruminal fermentation. We hypothesised that delaying the transition from a high milk diet to an exclusively solid food diet (weaning) would lessen the severity of changes in the gastrointestinal microbiome during this transition. β-diversity of ruminal and faecal microbiota shifted rapidly in early-weaned calves (6 weeks), whereas, a more gradual shift was observed in late-weaned calves (8 weeks) up to weaning. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the most abundant ruminal phyla in pre- and post-weaned calves, respectively. Yet, the relative abundance of these phyla remained stable in faeces (P ≥ 0.391). Inferred gene families assigned to KEGG pathways revealed an increase in ruminal carbohydrate metabolism (P ≤ 0.009) at 9, compared to 5 weeks. Conversely, carbohydrate metabolism in faeces declined (P ≤ 0.002) following a change in weaning status (i.e., the shift from pre- to post-weaning). Our results indicate weaning later facilitates a more gradual shift in microbiota and could potentially explain the negative effects of early-weaning associated with feeding a high-plane of pre-weaning nutrition. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5428063/ /pubmed/28298634 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00223-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Meale, S. J.
Li, S. C.
Azevedo, P.
Derakhshani, H.
DeVries, T. J.
Plaizier, J. C.
Steele, M. A.
Khafipour, E.
Weaning age influences the severity of gastrointestinal microbiome shifts in dairy calves
title Weaning age influences the severity of gastrointestinal microbiome shifts in dairy calves
title_full Weaning age influences the severity of gastrointestinal microbiome shifts in dairy calves
title_fullStr Weaning age influences the severity of gastrointestinal microbiome shifts in dairy calves
title_full_unstemmed Weaning age influences the severity of gastrointestinal microbiome shifts in dairy calves
title_short Weaning age influences the severity of gastrointestinal microbiome shifts in dairy calves
title_sort weaning age influences the severity of gastrointestinal microbiome shifts in dairy calves
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5428063/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28298634
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00223-7
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