Depression and alexithymia on weight perception in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND: Obesity’s increasing follows decreased perception of weight status in obese persons, mainly female, undergoing age-related changes. OBJECTIVE: To study weight perception and psychological alterations associated to MS and T2DM. METHODS: 200 patients selected from Metabolic Syndrome Outpatient Clinic of University of Campinas. Instruments: Beck Depression and Beck Anxiety Inventories’, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-26s, questionnaire and data from reports. Approved by Unicamp Research Ethic Committee. RESULTS: Patients aged 18–40 years perceived their weight higher than actual (A < D) (p = 0.0272), amongst untreated hypertensive (p = 0.037). ≥41 years old patient’s subdivided into A = D and A > D. A = D had 4.3 more chances to be alexithymic than A < D. 35% of A < D accepted their physical appearance, contrarily A = D (66%) and A > D (69%) (p = 0.0018). 50% of A < D felt offended by social aggression due to their weight; A = D (20%) and A > D (34%) (p = 0.007). 3.6 more chances of A > D than A < D using anti-hypertensive drugs (p = 0.021) (≥41 years old) and 3.5 more chances to perceive A = D (41–60 years old) (p = 0.023). A = D presented 3.8 more chances of depression than A < D and 4.3 more chances of alexithymia than A < D (62% of 41–60 year-old patients with higher cholesterol, mainly LDL and hyper-triglycerides). A = D with alexithymia, partially linked with higher cholesterol, suggests neuroinflammation due to hypertriglycerides. Females, who declared had been anteriorly made diet as treatment to lose weight were exactly those who perceived their weight A > D (45%, p = 0.0091). CONCLUSIONS: Age as a period of development, in which cultural influences occurs, was a factor in weight misperception. A < D and A > D were distinct in age, history of obesity and BMI.