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Timing of Gun Fire Influences Sprinters’ Multiple Joint Reaction Times of Whole Body in Block Start

Experienced sprinters are specifically adapted to pre-planning an advanced motor program. Herein, sprinters are able to immediately accelerate their center of mass forward with a whole-body coordinated motion, following a steady state crouched position. We examined the effect of variable timing of r...

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Autores principales: Otsuka, Mitsuo, Kurihara, Toshiyuki, Isaka, Tadao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5435752/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28572782
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00810
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author Otsuka, Mitsuo
Kurihara, Toshiyuki
Isaka, Tadao
author_facet Otsuka, Mitsuo
Kurihara, Toshiyuki
Isaka, Tadao
author_sort Otsuka, Mitsuo
collection PubMed
description Experienced sprinters are specifically adapted to pre-planning an advanced motor program. Herein, sprinters are able to immediately accelerate their center of mass forward with a whole-body coordinated motion, following a steady state crouched position. We examined the effect of variable timing of reaction signals on multiple joint reaction times (RT) and whole-body RT for specialist sprinters. Twenty well-experienced male sprinters performed five start-dashes from a block start under five variable foreperiod (FP) length conditions (1.465, 1.622, 1.780, 1.938, and 2.096 s), with trials randomly timed between a warning and an imperative tone. Participants’ sprinting motion and ground reaction forces of their four limbs during the block start were measured simultaneously. Whole-body RT was significantly shorter when FP length was longer; the values of whole-body RT were 117 ± 5 ms, 129 ± 5 ms, 125 ± 4 ms, 133 ± 6 ms, and 156 ± 8 ms in the 2.096, 1.938, 1.780, 1.622, and 1.465-s FP-length conditions, respectively. A repeated-measures analysis of variance found a significant joint-by-FP length interaction in joint-moment RT. These findings suggest that FP length affects coordinated motion in four limbs and whole-body RT. This information will be able to lead to new methods for start signals in sprint running events and advance our understanding of the association between FP length and dynamic coordinated motion.
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spelling pubmed-54357522017-06-01 Timing of Gun Fire Influences Sprinters’ Multiple Joint Reaction Times of Whole Body in Block Start Otsuka, Mitsuo Kurihara, Toshiyuki Isaka, Tadao Front Psychol Psychology Experienced sprinters are specifically adapted to pre-planning an advanced motor program. Herein, sprinters are able to immediately accelerate their center of mass forward with a whole-body coordinated motion, following a steady state crouched position. We examined the effect of variable timing of reaction signals on multiple joint reaction times (RT) and whole-body RT for specialist sprinters. Twenty well-experienced male sprinters performed five start-dashes from a block start under five variable foreperiod (FP) length conditions (1.465, 1.622, 1.780, 1.938, and 2.096 s), with trials randomly timed between a warning and an imperative tone. Participants’ sprinting motion and ground reaction forces of their four limbs during the block start were measured simultaneously. Whole-body RT was significantly shorter when FP length was longer; the values of whole-body RT were 117 ± 5 ms, 129 ± 5 ms, 125 ± 4 ms, 133 ± 6 ms, and 156 ± 8 ms in the 2.096, 1.938, 1.780, 1.622, and 1.465-s FP-length conditions, respectively. A repeated-measures analysis of variance found a significant joint-by-FP length interaction in joint-moment RT. These findings suggest that FP length affects coordinated motion in four limbs and whole-body RT. This information will be able to lead to new methods for start signals in sprint running events and advance our understanding of the association between FP length and dynamic coordinated motion. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5435752/ /pubmed/28572782 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00810 Text en Copyright © 2017 Otsuka, Kurihara and Isaka. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Otsuka, Mitsuo
Kurihara, Toshiyuki
Isaka, Tadao
Timing of Gun Fire Influences Sprinters’ Multiple Joint Reaction Times of Whole Body in Block Start
title Timing of Gun Fire Influences Sprinters’ Multiple Joint Reaction Times of Whole Body in Block Start
title_full Timing of Gun Fire Influences Sprinters’ Multiple Joint Reaction Times of Whole Body in Block Start
title_fullStr Timing of Gun Fire Influences Sprinters’ Multiple Joint Reaction Times of Whole Body in Block Start
title_full_unstemmed Timing of Gun Fire Influences Sprinters’ Multiple Joint Reaction Times of Whole Body in Block Start
title_short Timing of Gun Fire Influences Sprinters’ Multiple Joint Reaction Times of Whole Body in Block Start
title_sort timing of gun fire influences sprinters’ multiple joint reaction times of whole body in block start
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5435752/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28572782
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00810
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