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The direct and indirect costs of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Greece
OBJECTIVE: COPD is associated with significant economic burden. The objective of this study was to explore the direct and indirect costs associated with COPD and identify the key cost drivers of disease management in Greece. METHODS: A Delphi panel of Greek pulmonologists was conducted, which aimed...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove Medical Press
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5436756/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28546747 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S132825 |
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author | Souliotis, Kyriakos Kousoulakou, Hara Hillas, Georgios Tzanakis, Nikos Toumbis, Michalis Vassilakopoulos, Theodoros |
author_facet | Souliotis, Kyriakos Kousoulakou, Hara Hillas, Georgios Tzanakis, Nikos Toumbis, Michalis Vassilakopoulos, Theodoros |
author_sort | Souliotis, Kyriakos |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: COPD is associated with significant economic burden. The objective of this study was to explore the direct and indirect costs associated with COPD and identify the key cost drivers of disease management in Greece. METHODS: A Delphi panel of Greek pulmonologists was conducted, which aimed at eliciting local COPD treatment patterns and resource use. Resource use was translated into costs using official health insurance tariffs and Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs). In addition, absenteeism and caregiver’s costs were recorded in order to quantify indirect COPD costs. RESULTS: The total costs of managing COPD per patient per year were estimated at €4,730, with direct (medical and nonmedical) and indirect costs accounting for 62.5% and 37.5%, respectively. COPD exacerbations were responsible for 32% of total costs (€1,512). Key exacerbation-related cost drivers were hospitalization (€830) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission costs (€454), jointly accounting for 85% of total exacerbation costs. Annual maintenance phase costs were estimated at €835, with pharmaceutical treatment accounting for 77% (€639.9). Patient time costs were estimated at €146 per year. The average number of sick days per year was estimated at 16.9, resulting in productivity losses of €968. Caregiver’s costs were estimated at €806 per year. CONCLUSION: The management of COPD in Greece is associated with intensive resource use and significant economic burden. Exacerbations and productivity losses are the key cost drivers. Cost containment policies should focus on prioritizing treatments that increase patient compliance as these can lead to reduction of exacerbations, longer maintenance phases, and thus lower costs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5436756 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54367562017-05-25 The direct and indirect costs of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Greece Souliotis, Kyriakos Kousoulakou, Hara Hillas, Georgios Tzanakis, Nikos Toumbis, Michalis Vassilakopoulos, Theodoros Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis Original Research OBJECTIVE: COPD is associated with significant economic burden. The objective of this study was to explore the direct and indirect costs associated with COPD and identify the key cost drivers of disease management in Greece. METHODS: A Delphi panel of Greek pulmonologists was conducted, which aimed at eliciting local COPD treatment patterns and resource use. Resource use was translated into costs using official health insurance tariffs and Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs). In addition, absenteeism and caregiver’s costs were recorded in order to quantify indirect COPD costs. RESULTS: The total costs of managing COPD per patient per year were estimated at €4,730, with direct (medical and nonmedical) and indirect costs accounting for 62.5% and 37.5%, respectively. COPD exacerbations were responsible for 32% of total costs (€1,512). Key exacerbation-related cost drivers were hospitalization (€830) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission costs (€454), jointly accounting for 85% of total exacerbation costs. Annual maintenance phase costs were estimated at €835, with pharmaceutical treatment accounting for 77% (€639.9). Patient time costs were estimated at €146 per year. The average number of sick days per year was estimated at 16.9, resulting in productivity losses of €968. Caregiver’s costs were estimated at €806 per year. CONCLUSION: The management of COPD in Greece is associated with intensive resource use and significant economic burden. Exacerbations and productivity losses are the key cost drivers. Cost containment policies should focus on prioritizing treatments that increase patient compliance as these can lead to reduction of exacerbations, longer maintenance phases, and thus lower costs. Dove Medical Press 2017-05-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5436756/ /pubmed/28546747 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S132825 Text en © 2017 Souliotis et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Souliotis, Kyriakos Kousoulakou, Hara Hillas, Georgios Tzanakis, Nikos Toumbis, Michalis Vassilakopoulos, Theodoros The direct and indirect costs of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Greece |
title | The direct and indirect costs of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Greece |
title_full | The direct and indirect costs of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Greece |
title_fullStr | The direct and indirect costs of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Greece |
title_full_unstemmed | The direct and indirect costs of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Greece |
title_short | The direct and indirect costs of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Greece |
title_sort | direct and indirect costs of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in greece |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5436756/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28546747 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S132825 |
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