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Overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time
Objectives: Effluents contain a diverse abundance of antibiotic resistance genes that augment the resistome of receiving aquatic environments. However, uncertainty remains regarding their temporal persistence, transcription and response to anthropogenic factors, such as antibiotic usage. We present...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5437528/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28175320 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx017 |
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author | Rowe, Will P. M. Baker-Austin, Craig Verner-Jeffreys, David W. Ryan, Jim J. Micallef, Christianne Maskell, Duncan J. Pearce, Gareth P. |
author_facet | Rowe, Will P. M. Baker-Austin, Craig Verner-Jeffreys, David W. Ryan, Jim J. Micallef, Christianne Maskell, Duncan J. Pearce, Gareth P. |
author_sort | Rowe, Will P. M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Objectives: Effluents contain a diverse abundance of antibiotic resistance genes that augment the resistome of receiving aquatic environments. However, uncertainty remains regarding their temporal persistence, transcription and response to anthropogenic factors, such as antibiotic usage. We present a spatiotemporal study within a river catchment (River Cam, UK) that aims to determine the contribution of antibiotic resistance gene-containing effluents originating from sites of varying antibiotic usage to the receiving environment. Methods: Gene abundance in effluents (municipal hospital and dairy farm) was compared against background samples of the receiving aquatic environment (i.e. the catchment source) to determine the resistome contribution of effluents. We used metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to correlate DNA and RNA abundance and identified differentially regulated gene transcripts. Results: We found that mean antibiotic resistance gene and transcript abundances were correlated for both hospital (ρ = 0.9, two-tailed P <0.0001) and farm (ρ = 0.5, two-tailed P <0.0001) effluents and that two β-lactam resistance genes (bla(GES) and bla(OXA)) were overexpressed in all hospital effluent samples. High β-lactam resistance gene transcript abundance was related to hospital antibiotic usage over time and hospital effluents contained antibiotic residues. Conclusions: We conclude that effluents contribute high levels of antibiotic resistance genes to the aquatic environment; these genes are expressed at significant levels and are possibly related to the level of antibiotic usage at the effluent source. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5437528 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54375282017-05-24 Overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time Rowe, Will P. M. Baker-Austin, Craig Verner-Jeffreys, David W. Ryan, Jim J. Micallef, Christianne Maskell, Duncan J. Pearce, Gareth P. J Antimicrob Chemother Original Research Objectives: Effluents contain a diverse abundance of antibiotic resistance genes that augment the resistome of receiving aquatic environments. However, uncertainty remains regarding their temporal persistence, transcription and response to anthropogenic factors, such as antibiotic usage. We present a spatiotemporal study within a river catchment (River Cam, UK) that aims to determine the contribution of antibiotic resistance gene-containing effluents originating from sites of varying antibiotic usage to the receiving environment. Methods: Gene abundance in effluents (municipal hospital and dairy farm) was compared against background samples of the receiving aquatic environment (i.e. the catchment source) to determine the resistome contribution of effluents. We used metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to correlate DNA and RNA abundance and identified differentially regulated gene transcripts. Results: We found that mean antibiotic resistance gene and transcript abundances were correlated for both hospital (ρ = 0.9, two-tailed P <0.0001) and farm (ρ = 0.5, two-tailed P <0.0001) effluents and that two β-lactam resistance genes (bla(GES) and bla(OXA)) were overexpressed in all hospital effluent samples. High β-lactam resistance gene transcript abundance was related to hospital antibiotic usage over time and hospital effluents contained antibiotic residues. Conclusions: We conclude that effluents contribute high levels of antibiotic resistance genes to the aquatic environment; these genes are expressed at significant levels and are possibly related to the level of antibiotic usage at the effluent source. Oxford University Press 2017-06 2017-02-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5437528/ /pubmed/28175320 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx017 Text en © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Rowe, Will P. M. Baker-Austin, Craig Verner-Jeffreys, David W. Ryan, Jim J. Micallef, Christianne Maskell, Duncan J. Pearce, Gareth P. Overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time |
title | Overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time |
title_full | Overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time |
title_fullStr | Overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time |
title_full_unstemmed | Overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time |
title_short | Overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time |
title_sort | overexpression of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital effluents over time |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5437528/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28175320 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx017 |
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