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Cannabinoid Receptor Signaling in Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior: A Mini-Review
Cannabinoids are lipid messengers that modulate a variety of physiological processes and modify the generation of specific behaviors. In this regard, the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB(1)) represents the most relevant target molecule of cannabinoids so far. One main function of central CB(1) signal...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5442223/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28596721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00293 |
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author | Koch, Marco |
author_facet | Koch, Marco |
author_sort | Koch, Marco |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cannabinoids are lipid messengers that modulate a variety of physiological processes and modify the generation of specific behaviors. In this regard, the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB(1)) represents the most relevant target molecule of cannabinoids so far. One main function of central CB(1) signaling is to maintain whole body energy homeostasis. Thus, cannabinoids functionally interact with classical neurotransmitters in neural networks that control energy metabolism and feeding behavior. The promotion of CB(1) signaling can increase appetite and stimulate feeding, while blockade of CB(1) suppresses hunger and induces hypophagia. However, in order to treat overeating, pharmacological blockade of CB(1) by the inverse agonist rimonabant not only suppressed feeding but also resulted in psychiatric side effects. Therefore, research within the last decade focused on deciphering the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of central cannabinoid signaling that control feeding and other behaviors, with the overall aim still being the identification of specific targets to develop safe pharmacological interventions for the treatment of obesity. Today, many studies unraveled the subcellular localization of CB(1) and the function of cannabinoids in neurons and glial cells within circumscribed brain regions that represent integral parts of neural circuitries controlling feeding behavior. Here, these novel experimental findings will be summarized and recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of CB(1)-dependent cannabinoid signaling being relevant for central regulation of feeding behavior will be highlighted. Finally, presumed alternative pathways of cannabinoids that are not driven by CB(1) activation but also contributing to control of feeding behavior will be introduced. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5442223 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54422232017-06-08 Cannabinoid Receptor Signaling in Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior: A Mini-Review Koch, Marco Front Neurosci Neuroscience Cannabinoids are lipid messengers that modulate a variety of physiological processes and modify the generation of specific behaviors. In this regard, the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB(1)) represents the most relevant target molecule of cannabinoids so far. One main function of central CB(1) signaling is to maintain whole body energy homeostasis. Thus, cannabinoids functionally interact with classical neurotransmitters in neural networks that control energy metabolism and feeding behavior. The promotion of CB(1) signaling can increase appetite and stimulate feeding, while blockade of CB(1) suppresses hunger and induces hypophagia. However, in order to treat overeating, pharmacological blockade of CB(1) by the inverse agonist rimonabant not only suppressed feeding but also resulted in psychiatric side effects. Therefore, research within the last decade focused on deciphering the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of central cannabinoid signaling that control feeding and other behaviors, with the overall aim still being the identification of specific targets to develop safe pharmacological interventions for the treatment of obesity. Today, many studies unraveled the subcellular localization of CB(1) and the function of cannabinoids in neurons and glial cells within circumscribed brain regions that represent integral parts of neural circuitries controlling feeding behavior. Here, these novel experimental findings will be summarized and recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of CB(1)-dependent cannabinoid signaling being relevant for central regulation of feeding behavior will be highlighted. Finally, presumed alternative pathways of cannabinoids that are not driven by CB(1) activation but also contributing to control of feeding behavior will be introduced. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5442223/ /pubmed/28596721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00293 Text en Copyright © 2017 Koch. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Koch, Marco Cannabinoid Receptor Signaling in Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior: A Mini-Review |
title | Cannabinoid Receptor Signaling in Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior: A Mini-Review |
title_full | Cannabinoid Receptor Signaling in Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior: A Mini-Review |
title_fullStr | Cannabinoid Receptor Signaling in Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior: A Mini-Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Cannabinoid Receptor Signaling in Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior: A Mini-Review |
title_short | Cannabinoid Receptor Signaling in Central Regulation of Feeding Behavior: A Mini-Review |
title_sort | cannabinoid receptor signaling in central regulation of feeding behavior: a mini-review |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5442223/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28596721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00293 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kochmarco cannabinoidreceptorsignalingincentralregulationoffeedingbehavioraminireview |