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Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized clinically by hyperactive/impulsive and/or inattentive symptoms which determine diagnostic subtypes as Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive (ADHD-HI), Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-I), and Combined (ADHD-C). Neuroanatomically though w...

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Autores principales: Saad, Jacqueline F., Griffiths, Kristi R., Kohn, Michael R., Clarke, Simon, Williams, Leanne M., Korgaonkar, Mayuresh S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5447655/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28580295
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.05.016
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author Saad, Jacqueline F.
Griffiths, Kristi R.
Kohn, Michael R.
Clarke, Simon
Williams, Leanne M.
Korgaonkar, Mayuresh S.
author_facet Saad, Jacqueline F.
Griffiths, Kristi R.
Kohn, Michael R.
Clarke, Simon
Williams, Leanne M.
Korgaonkar, Mayuresh S.
author_sort Saad, Jacqueline F.
collection PubMed
description Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized clinically by hyperactive/impulsive and/or inattentive symptoms which determine diagnostic subtypes as Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive (ADHD-HI), Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-I), and Combined (ADHD-C). Neuroanatomically though we do not yet know if these clinical subtypes reflect distinct aberrations in underlying brain organization. We imaged 34 ADHD participants defined using DSM-IV criteria as ADHD-I (n = 16) or as ADHD-C (n = 18) and 28 matched typically developing controls, aged 8–17 years, using high-resolution T1 MRI. To quantify neuroanatomical organization we used graph theoretical analysis to assess properties of structural covariance between ADHD subtypes and controls (global network measures: path length, clustering coefficient, and regional network measures: nodal degree). As a context for interpreting network organization differences, we also quantified gray matter volume using voxel-based morphometry. Each ADHD subtype was distinguished by a different organizational profile of the degree to which specific regions were anatomically connected with other regions (i.e., in “nodal degree”). For ADHD-I (compared to both ADHD-C and controls) the nodal degree was higher in the hippocampus. ADHD-I also had a higher nodal degree in the supramarginal gyrus, calcarine sulcus, and superior occipital cortex compared to ADHD-C and in the amygdala compared to controls. By contrast, the nodal degree was higher in the cerebellum for ADHD-C compared to ADHD-I and in the anterior cingulate, middle frontal gyrus and putamen compared to controls. ADHD-C also had reduced nodal degree in the rolandic operculum and middle temporal pole compared to controls. These regional profiles were observed in the context of no differences in gray matter volume or global network organization. Our results suggest that the clinical distinction between the Inattentive and Combined subtypes of ADHD may also be reflected in distinct aberrations in underlying brain organization.
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spelling pubmed-54476552017-06-02 Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Saad, Jacqueline F. Griffiths, Kristi R. Kohn, Michael R. Clarke, Simon Williams, Leanne M. Korgaonkar, Mayuresh S. Neuroimage Clin Regular Article Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized clinically by hyperactive/impulsive and/or inattentive symptoms which determine diagnostic subtypes as Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive (ADHD-HI), Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-I), and Combined (ADHD-C). Neuroanatomically though we do not yet know if these clinical subtypes reflect distinct aberrations in underlying brain organization. We imaged 34 ADHD participants defined using DSM-IV criteria as ADHD-I (n = 16) or as ADHD-C (n = 18) and 28 matched typically developing controls, aged 8–17 years, using high-resolution T1 MRI. To quantify neuroanatomical organization we used graph theoretical analysis to assess properties of structural covariance between ADHD subtypes and controls (global network measures: path length, clustering coefficient, and regional network measures: nodal degree). As a context for interpreting network organization differences, we also quantified gray matter volume using voxel-based morphometry. Each ADHD subtype was distinguished by a different organizational profile of the degree to which specific regions were anatomically connected with other regions (i.e., in “nodal degree”). For ADHD-I (compared to both ADHD-C and controls) the nodal degree was higher in the hippocampus. ADHD-I also had a higher nodal degree in the supramarginal gyrus, calcarine sulcus, and superior occipital cortex compared to ADHD-C and in the amygdala compared to controls. By contrast, the nodal degree was higher in the cerebellum for ADHD-C compared to ADHD-I and in the anterior cingulate, middle frontal gyrus and putamen compared to controls. ADHD-C also had reduced nodal degree in the rolandic operculum and middle temporal pole compared to controls. These regional profiles were observed in the context of no differences in gray matter volume or global network organization. Our results suggest that the clinical distinction between the Inattentive and Combined subtypes of ADHD may also be reflected in distinct aberrations in underlying brain organization. Elsevier 2017-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5447655/ /pubmed/28580295 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.05.016 Text en © 2017 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Regular Article
Saad, Jacqueline F.
Griffiths, Kristi R.
Kohn, Michael R.
Clarke, Simon
Williams, Leanne M.
Korgaonkar, Mayuresh S.
Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
title Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
title_full Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
title_fullStr Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
title_full_unstemmed Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
title_short Regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
title_sort regional brain network organization distinguishes the combined and inattentive subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
topic Regular Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5447655/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28580295
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.05.016
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