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Transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism by fatty acids: a key determinant of pancreatic β-cell function

BACKGROUND: Optimal pancreatic β-cell function is essential for the regulation of glucose homeostasis in both humans and animals and its impairment leads to the development of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a polygenic disease aggravated by environmental factors such as low physical activity or a hype...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Fatehi-Hassanabad, Zahra, Chan, Catherine B
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2005
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC544854/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15634355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-2-1
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Optimal pancreatic β-cell function is essential for the regulation of glucose homeostasis in both humans and animals and its impairment leads to the development of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a polygenic disease aggravated by environmental factors such as low physical activity or a hypercaloric high-fat diet. RESULTS: Free fatty acids represent an important factor linking excess fat mass to type 2 diabetes. Several studies have shown that chronically elevated free fatty acids have a negative effect on β-cell function leading to elevated insulin secretion basally but with an impaired response to glucose. The transcription factors PPARα, PPARγ and SREBP-1c respond to changing fat concentrations in tissues, thereby coordinating the genomic response to altered metabolic conditions to promote either fat storage or catabolism. These transcription factors have been identified in β-cells and it appears that each may exert influence on β-cell function in health and disease. CONCLUSION: The role of the PPARs and SREBP-1c as potential mediators of lipotoxicity is an emerging area of interest.