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Stimulation of microtubule-based transport by nucleation of microtubules on pigment granules

Microtubule (MT)-based transport can be regulated through changes in organization of MT transport tracks, but the mechanisms that regulate these changes are poorly understood. In Xenopus melanophores, aggregation of pigment granules in the cell center involves their capture by the tips of MTs growin...

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Autores principales: Semenova, Irina, Gupta, Dipika, Usui, Takeo, Hayakawa, Ichiro, Cowan, Ann, Rodionov, Vladimir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society for Cell Biology 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5449142/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28381426
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E16-08-0571
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author Semenova, Irina
Gupta, Dipika
Usui, Takeo
Hayakawa, Ichiro
Cowan, Ann
Rodionov, Vladimir
author_facet Semenova, Irina
Gupta, Dipika
Usui, Takeo
Hayakawa, Ichiro
Cowan, Ann
Rodionov, Vladimir
author_sort Semenova, Irina
collection PubMed
description Microtubule (MT)-based transport can be regulated through changes in organization of MT transport tracks, but the mechanisms that regulate these changes are poorly understood. In Xenopus melanophores, aggregation of pigment granules in the cell center involves their capture by the tips of MTs growing toward the cell periphery, and granule aggregation signals facilitate capture by increasing the number of growing MT tips. This increase could be explained by stimulation of MT nucleation either on the centrosome or on the aggregate of pigment granules that gradually forms in the cell center. We blocked movement of pigment granules to the cell center and compared the MT-nucleation activity of the centrosome in the same cells in two signaling states. We found that granule aggregation signals did not stimulate MT nucleation on the centrosome but did increase MT nucleation activity of pigment granules. Elevation of MT-nucleation activity correlated with the recruitment to pigment granules of a major component of MT-nucleation templates, γ-tubulin, and was suppressed by γ-tubulin inhibitors. We conclude that generation of new MT transport tracks by concentration of the leading pigment granules provides a positive feedback loop that enhances delivery of trailing granules to the cell center.
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spelling pubmed-54491422017-08-16 Stimulation of microtubule-based transport by nucleation of microtubules on pigment granules Semenova, Irina Gupta, Dipika Usui, Takeo Hayakawa, Ichiro Cowan, Ann Rodionov, Vladimir Mol Biol Cell Brief Reports Microtubule (MT)-based transport can be regulated through changes in organization of MT transport tracks, but the mechanisms that regulate these changes are poorly understood. In Xenopus melanophores, aggregation of pigment granules in the cell center involves their capture by the tips of MTs growing toward the cell periphery, and granule aggregation signals facilitate capture by increasing the number of growing MT tips. This increase could be explained by stimulation of MT nucleation either on the centrosome or on the aggregate of pigment granules that gradually forms in the cell center. We blocked movement of pigment granules to the cell center and compared the MT-nucleation activity of the centrosome in the same cells in two signaling states. We found that granule aggregation signals did not stimulate MT nucleation on the centrosome but did increase MT nucleation activity of pigment granules. Elevation of MT-nucleation activity correlated with the recruitment to pigment granules of a major component of MT-nucleation templates, γ-tubulin, and was suppressed by γ-tubulin inhibitors. We conclude that generation of new MT transport tracks by concentration of the leading pigment granules provides a positive feedback loop that enhances delivery of trailing granules to the cell center. The American Society for Cell Biology 2017-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5449142/ /pubmed/28381426 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E16-08-0571 Text en © 2017 Semenova et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0). “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society for Cell Biology.
spellingShingle Brief Reports
Semenova, Irina
Gupta, Dipika
Usui, Takeo
Hayakawa, Ichiro
Cowan, Ann
Rodionov, Vladimir
Stimulation of microtubule-based transport by nucleation of microtubules on pigment granules
title Stimulation of microtubule-based transport by nucleation of microtubules on pigment granules
title_full Stimulation of microtubule-based transport by nucleation of microtubules on pigment granules
title_fullStr Stimulation of microtubule-based transport by nucleation of microtubules on pigment granules
title_full_unstemmed Stimulation of microtubule-based transport by nucleation of microtubules on pigment granules
title_short Stimulation of microtubule-based transport by nucleation of microtubules on pigment granules
title_sort stimulation of microtubule-based transport by nucleation of microtubules on pigment granules
topic Brief Reports
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5449142/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28381426
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E16-08-0571
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