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Application of a single-flicker online SSVEP BCI for spatial navigation

A promising approach for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) employs the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) for extracting control information. Main advantages of these SSVEP BCIs are a simple and low-cost setup, little effort to adjust the system parameters to the user and comparatively high...

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Autores principales: Chen, Jingjing, Zhang, Dan, Engel, Andreas K., Gong, Qin, Maye, Alexander
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28562624
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178385
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author Chen, Jingjing
Zhang, Dan
Engel, Andreas K.
Gong, Qin
Maye, Alexander
author_facet Chen, Jingjing
Zhang, Dan
Engel, Andreas K.
Gong, Qin
Maye, Alexander
author_sort Chen, Jingjing
collection PubMed
description A promising approach for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) employs the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) for extracting control information. Main advantages of these SSVEP BCIs are a simple and low-cost setup, little effort to adjust the system parameters to the user and comparatively high information transfer rates (ITR). However, traditional frequency-coded SSVEP BCIs require the user to gaze directly at the selected flicker stimulus, which is liable to cause fatigue or even photic epileptic seizures. The spatially coded SSVEP BCI we present in this article addresses this issue. It uses a single flicker stimulus that appears always in the extrafoveal field of view, yet it allows the user to control four control channels. We demonstrate the embedding of this novel SSVEP stimulation paradigm in the user interface of an online BCI for navigating a 2-dimensional computer game. Offline analysis of the training data reveals an average classification accuracy of 96.9±1.64%, corresponding to an information transfer rate of 30.1±1.8 bits/min. In online mode, the average classification accuracy reached 87.9±11.4%, which resulted in an ITR of 23.8±6.75 bits/min. We did not observe a strong relation between a subject’s offline and online performance. Analysis of the online performance over time shows that users can reliably control the new BCI paradigm with stable performance over at least 30 minutes of continuous operation.
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spelling pubmed-54510692017-06-12 Application of a single-flicker online SSVEP BCI for spatial navigation Chen, Jingjing Zhang, Dan Engel, Andreas K. Gong, Qin Maye, Alexander PLoS One Research Article A promising approach for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) employs the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) for extracting control information. Main advantages of these SSVEP BCIs are a simple and low-cost setup, little effort to adjust the system parameters to the user and comparatively high information transfer rates (ITR). However, traditional frequency-coded SSVEP BCIs require the user to gaze directly at the selected flicker stimulus, which is liable to cause fatigue or even photic epileptic seizures. The spatially coded SSVEP BCI we present in this article addresses this issue. It uses a single flicker stimulus that appears always in the extrafoveal field of view, yet it allows the user to control four control channels. We demonstrate the embedding of this novel SSVEP stimulation paradigm in the user interface of an online BCI for navigating a 2-dimensional computer game. Offline analysis of the training data reveals an average classification accuracy of 96.9±1.64%, corresponding to an information transfer rate of 30.1±1.8 bits/min. In online mode, the average classification accuracy reached 87.9±11.4%, which resulted in an ITR of 23.8±6.75 bits/min. We did not observe a strong relation between a subject’s offline and online performance. Analysis of the online performance over time shows that users can reliably control the new BCI paradigm with stable performance over at least 30 minutes of continuous operation. Public Library of Science 2017-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5451069/ /pubmed/28562624 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178385 Text en © 2017 Chen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Chen, Jingjing
Zhang, Dan
Engel, Andreas K.
Gong, Qin
Maye, Alexander
Application of a single-flicker online SSVEP BCI for spatial navigation
title Application of a single-flicker online SSVEP BCI for spatial navigation
title_full Application of a single-flicker online SSVEP BCI for spatial navigation
title_fullStr Application of a single-flicker online SSVEP BCI for spatial navigation
title_full_unstemmed Application of a single-flicker online SSVEP BCI for spatial navigation
title_short Application of a single-flicker online SSVEP BCI for spatial navigation
title_sort application of a single-flicker online ssvep bci for spatial navigation
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28562624
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178385
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