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Clustering and correlates of screen-time and eating behaviours among young adolescents

BACKGROUND: Screen-time and eating behaviours are associated in adolescents, but few studies have examined the clustering of these health behaviours in this age group. The identification of clustered health behaviours, and influences on adolescents’ clustered health behaviours, at the time when they...

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Autores principales: Pearson, Natalie, Griffiths, Paula, Biddle, Stuart JH, Johnston, Julie P, McGeorge, Sonia, Haycraft, Emma
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5452360/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28569188
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4441-2
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author Pearson, Natalie
Griffiths, Paula
Biddle, Stuart JH
Johnston, Julie P
McGeorge, Sonia
Haycraft, Emma
author_facet Pearson, Natalie
Griffiths, Paula
Biddle, Stuart JH
Johnston, Julie P
McGeorge, Sonia
Haycraft, Emma
author_sort Pearson, Natalie
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Screen-time and eating behaviours are associated in adolescents, but few studies have examined the clustering of these health behaviours in this age group. The identification of clustered health behaviours, and influences on adolescents’ clustered health behaviours, at the time when they are most likely to become habitual, is important for intervention design. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and clustering of health behaviours in adolescents, and examine the sociodemographic, individual, behavioural, and home social and physical environmental correlates of clustered health behaviours. METHODS: Adolescents aged 11–12 years (n = 527, 48% boys) completed a questionnaire during class-time which assessed screen-time (ST), fruit and vegetable (FV), and energy-dense (ED) snack consumption using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Health behaviours were categorised into high and low frequencies based on recommendations for FV and ST and median splits for ED snacks. Adolescents reported on their habits, self-efficacy, eating at the television (TV), eating and watching TV together with parents, restrictive parenting practices, and the availability and accessibility of foods within the home. Behavioural clustering was assessed using an observed over expected ratio (O/E). Correlates of clustered behaviours were examined using multivariate multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: Approximately 70% reported having two or three health risk behaviours. Overall, O/E ratios were close to 1, which indicates clustering. The three risk behaviour combination of low FV, high ED, and high ST occurred more frequently than expected (O/E ratio = 1.06 95% CI 1.01, 1.15. Individual, behavioural, and social and physical home environmental correlates were differentially associated with behavioural clusters. Correlates consistently associated with clusters included eating ED snacks while watching TV, eating at the TV with parents, and the availability and accessibility of ED snack foods within the home. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of screen time and unhealthy eating, and screen time is coupled with unhealthy dietary behaviours. Strategies and policies are required that simultaneously address reductions in screen time and changes to habitual dietary patterns, such as TV snacking and snack availability and accessibility. These may require a combination of individual, social and environmental changes alongside conscious and more automatic (nudging) strategies. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4441-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-54523602017-06-01 Clustering and correlates of screen-time and eating behaviours among young adolescents Pearson, Natalie Griffiths, Paula Biddle, Stuart JH Johnston, Julie P McGeorge, Sonia Haycraft, Emma BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Screen-time and eating behaviours are associated in adolescents, but few studies have examined the clustering of these health behaviours in this age group. The identification of clustered health behaviours, and influences on adolescents’ clustered health behaviours, at the time when they are most likely to become habitual, is important for intervention design. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and clustering of health behaviours in adolescents, and examine the sociodemographic, individual, behavioural, and home social and physical environmental correlates of clustered health behaviours. METHODS: Adolescents aged 11–12 years (n = 527, 48% boys) completed a questionnaire during class-time which assessed screen-time (ST), fruit and vegetable (FV), and energy-dense (ED) snack consumption using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Health behaviours were categorised into high and low frequencies based on recommendations for FV and ST and median splits for ED snacks. Adolescents reported on their habits, self-efficacy, eating at the television (TV), eating and watching TV together with parents, restrictive parenting practices, and the availability and accessibility of foods within the home. Behavioural clustering was assessed using an observed over expected ratio (O/E). Correlates of clustered behaviours were examined using multivariate multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: Approximately 70% reported having two or three health risk behaviours. Overall, O/E ratios were close to 1, which indicates clustering. The three risk behaviour combination of low FV, high ED, and high ST occurred more frequently than expected (O/E ratio = 1.06 95% CI 1.01, 1.15. Individual, behavioural, and social and physical home environmental correlates were differentially associated with behavioural clusters. Correlates consistently associated with clusters included eating ED snacks while watching TV, eating at the TV with parents, and the availability and accessibility of ED snack foods within the home. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of screen time and unhealthy eating, and screen time is coupled with unhealthy dietary behaviours. Strategies and policies are required that simultaneously address reductions in screen time and changes to habitual dietary patterns, such as TV snacking and snack availability and accessibility. These may require a combination of individual, social and environmental changes alongside conscious and more automatic (nudging) strategies. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4441-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2017-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5452360/ /pubmed/28569188 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4441-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Pearson, Natalie
Griffiths, Paula
Biddle, Stuart JH
Johnston, Julie P
McGeorge, Sonia
Haycraft, Emma
Clustering and correlates of screen-time and eating behaviours among young adolescents
title Clustering and correlates of screen-time and eating behaviours among young adolescents
title_full Clustering and correlates of screen-time and eating behaviours among young adolescents
title_fullStr Clustering and correlates of screen-time and eating behaviours among young adolescents
title_full_unstemmed Clustering and correlates of screen-time and eating behaviours among young adolescents
title_short Clustering and correlates of screen-time and eating behaviours among young adolescents
title_sort clustering and correlates of screen-time and eating behaviours among young adolescents
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5452360/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28569188
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4441-2
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