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Environmental contaminants of honeybee products in Uganda detected using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD
Pollinator services and the development of beekeeping as a poverty alleviating tool have gained considerable focus in recent years in sub-Saharan Africa. An improved understanding of the pervasive environmental extent of agro-chemical contaminants is critical to the success of beekeeping development...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5453540/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28570581 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178546 |
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author | Amulen, Deborah Ruth Spanoghe, Pieter Houbraken, Michael Tamale, Andrew de Graaf, Dirk C. Cross, Paul Smagghe, Guy |
author_facet | Amulen, Deborah Ruth Spanoghe, Pieter Houbraken, Michael Tamale, Andrew de Graaf, Dirk C. Cross, Paul Smagghe, Guy |
author_sort | Amulen, Deborah Ruth |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pollinator services and the development of beekeeping as a poverty alleviating tool have gained considerable focus in recent years in sub-Saharan Africa. An improved understanding of the pervasive environmental extent of agro-chemical contaminants is critical to the success of beekeeping development and the production of clean hive products. This study developed and validated a multi-residue method for screening 36 pesticides in honeybees, honey and beeswax using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD. Of the 36 screened pesticides, 20 were detected. The highest frequencies occurred in beeswax and in samples from apiaries located in the proximity of citrus and tobacco farms. Fungicides were the most prevalent chemical class. Detected insecticides included neonicotinoids, organophosphates, carbamates, organophosphorus, tetrazines and diacylhydrazines. All detected pesticide levels were below maximum residue limits (according to EU regulations) and the lethal doses known for honeybees. However, future risk assessment is needed to determine the health effects on the African genotype of honeybees by these pesticide classes and combinations of these. In conclusion, our data present a significant challenge to the burgeoning organic honey sector in Uganda, but to achieve this, there is an urgent need to regulate the contact routes of pesticides into the beehive products. Interestingly, the “zero” detection rate of pesticides in the Mid-Northern zone is a significant indicator of the large potential to promote Ugandan organic honey for the export market. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5453540 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54535402017-06-12 Environmental contaminants of honeybee products in Uganda detected using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD Amulen, Deborah Ruth Spanoghe, Pieter Houbraken, Michael Tamale, Andrew de Graaf, Dirk C. Cross, Paul Smagghe, Guy PLoS One Research Article Pollinator services and the development of beekeeping as a poverty alleviating tool have gained considerable focus in recent years in sub-Saharan Africa. An improved understanding of the pervasive environmental extent of agro-chemical contaminants is critical to the success of beekeeping development and the production of clean hive products. This study developed and validated a multi-residue method for screening 36 pesticides in honeybees, honey and beeswax using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD. Of the 36 screened pesticides, 20 were detected. The highest frequencies occurred in beeswax and in samples from apiaries located in the proximity of citrus and tobacco farms. Fungicides were the most prevalent chemical class. Detected insecticides included neonicotinoids, organophosphates, carbamates, organophosphorus, tetrazines and diacylhydrazines. All detected pesticide levels were below maximum residue limits (according to EU regulations) and the lethal doses known for honeybees. However, future risk assessment is needed to determine the health effects on the African genotype of honeybees by these pesticide classes and combinations of these. In conclusion, our data present a significant challenge to the burgeoning organic honey sector in Uganda, but to achieve this, there is an urgent need to regulate the contact routes of pesticides into the beehive products. Interestingly, the “zero” detection rate of pesticides in the Mid-Northern zone is a significant indicator of the large potential to promote Ugandan organic honey for the export market. Public Library of Science 2017-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5453540/ /pubmed/28570581 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178546 Text en © 2017 Amulen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Amulen, Deborah Ruth Spanoghe, Pieter Houbraken, Michael Tamale, Andrew de Graaf, Dirk C. Cross, Paul Smagghe, Guy Environmental contaminants of honeybee products in Uganda detected using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD |
title | Environmental contaminants of honeybee products in Uganda detected using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD |
title_full | Environmental contaminants of honeybee products in Uganda detected using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD |
title_fullStr | Environmental contaminants of honeybee products in Uganda detected using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD |
title_full_unstemmed | Environmental contaminants of honeybee products in Uganda detected using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD |
title_short | Environmental contaminants of honeybee products in Uganda detected using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD |
title_sort | environmental contaminants of honeybee products in uganda detected using lc-ms/ms and gc-ecd |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5453540/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28570581 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178546 |
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