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A Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inducing Antibodies Strongly Enhancing In Vitro Infection Is Protective in Pigs

The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is responsible for zoonotic severe viral encephalitis transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Although birds are reservoirs, pigs play a role as amplifying hosts, and are affected in particular through reproductive failure. Here, we show that a lentiviral JEV vector, e...

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Autores principales: García-Nicolás, Obdulio, Ricklin, Meret E., Liniger, Matthias, Vielle, Nathalie J., Python, Sylvie, Souque, Philippe, Charneau, Pierre, Summerfield, Artur
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454436/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28531165
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v9050124
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author García-Nicolás, Obdulio
Ricklin, Meret E.
Liniger, Matthias
Vielle, Nathalie J.
Python, Sylvie
Souque, Philippe
Charneau, Pierre
Summerfield, Artur
author_facet García-Nicolás, Obdulio
Ricklin, Meret E.
Liniger, Matthias
Vielle, Nathalie J.
Python, Sylvie
Souque, Philippe
Charneau, Pierre
Summerfield, Artur
author_sort García-Nicolás, Obdulio
collection PubMed
description The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is responsible for zoonotic severe viral encephalitis transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Although birds are reservoirs, pigs play a role as amplifying hosts, and are affected in particular through reproductive failure. Here, we show that a lentiviral JEV vector, expressing JEV prM and E proteins (TRIP/JEV.prME), but not JEV infection induces strong antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) activities for infection of macrophages. Such antibodies strongly promoted infection via Fc receptors. ADE was found at both neutralizing and non-neutralizing serum dilutions. Nevertheless, in vivo JEV challenge of pigs demonstrated comparable protection induced by the TRIP/JEV.prME vaccine or heterologous JEV infection. Thus, either ADE antibodies cause no harm in the presence of neutralizing antibodies or may even have protective effects in vivo in pigs. Additionally, we found that both pre-infected and vaccinated pigs were not fully protected as low levels of viral RNA were found in lymphoid and nervous system tissue in some animals. Strikingly, the virus from the pre-infection persisted in the tonsils throughout the experiment. Finally, despite the vaccination challenge, viral RNA was detected in the oronasal swabs in all vaccinated pigs. These latter data are relevant when JEV vaccination is employed in pigs.
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spelling pubmed-54544362017-06-08 A Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inducing Antibodies Strongly Enhancing In Vitro Infection Is Protective in Pigs García-Nicolás, Obdulio Ricklin, Meret E. Liniger, Matthias Vielle, Nathalie J. Python, Sylvie Souque, Philippe Charneau, Pierre Summerfield, Artur Viruses Article The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is responsible for zoonotic severe viral encephalitis transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Although birds are reservoirs, pigs play a role as amplifying hosts, and are affected in particular through reproductive failure. Here, we show that a lentiviral JEV vector, expressing JEV prM and E proteins (TRIP/JEV.prME), but not JEV infection induces strong antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) activities for infection of macrophages. Such antibodies strongly promoted infection via Fc receptors. ADE was found at both neutralizing and non-neutralizing serum dilutions. Nevertheless, in vivo JEV challenge of pigs demonstrated comparable protection induced by the TRIP/JEV.prME vaccine or heterologous JEV infection. Thus, either ADE antibodies cause no harm in the presence of neutralizing antibodies or may even have protective effects in vivo in pigs. Additionally, we found that both pre-infected and vaccinated pigs were not fully protected as low levels of viral RNA were found in lymphoid and nervous system tissue in some animals. Strikingly, the virus from the pre-infection persisted in the tonsils throughout the experiment. Finally, despite the vaccination challenge, viral RNA was detected in the oronasal swabs in all vaccinated pigs. These latter data are relevant when JEV vaccination is employed in pigs. MDPI 2017-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5454436/ /pubmed/28531165 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v9050124 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
García-Nicolás, Obdulio
Ricklin, Meret E.
Liniger, Matthias
Vielle, Nathalie J.
Python, Sylvie
Souque, Philippe
Charneau, Pierre
Summerfield, Artur
A Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inducing Antibodies Strongly Enhancing In Vitro Infection Is Protective in Pigs
title A Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inducing Antibodies Strongly Enhancing In Vitro Infection Is Protective in Pigs
title_full A Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inducing Antibodies Strongly Enhancing In Vitro Infection Is Protective in Pigs
title_fullStr A Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inducing Antibodies Strongly Enhancing In Vitro Infection Is Protective in Pigs
title_full_unstemmed A Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inducing Antibodies Strongly Enhancing In Vitro Infection Is Protective in Pigs
title_short A Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Inducing Antibodies Strongly Enhancing In Vitro Infection Is Protective in Pigs
title_sort japanese encephalitis virus vaccine inducing antibodies strongly enhancing in vitro infection is protective in pigs
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5454436/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28531165
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v9050124
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