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Challenging a Misnomer? The Role of Inflammatory Pathways in Inflammatory Breast Cancer

Inflammatory breast cancer is a rare, yet highly aggressive form of breast cancer, which accounts for less than 5% of all locally advanced presentations. The clinical presentation of inflammatory breast cancer often differs significantly from that of noninflammatory breast cancer; however, immunohis...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Morrow, Riley J., Etemadi, Nima, Yeo, Belinda, Ernst, Matthias
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5457777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28607534
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4754827
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author Morrow, Riley J.
Etemadi, Nima
Yeo, Belinda
Ernst, Matthias
author_facet Morrow, Riley J.
Etemadi, Nima
Yeo, Belinda
Ernst, Matthias
author_sort Morrow, Riley J.
collection PubMed
description Inflammatory breast cancer is a rare, yet highly aggressive form of breast cancer, which accounts for less than 5% of all locally advanced presentations. The clinical presentation of inflammatory breast cancer often differs significantly from that of noninflammatory breast cancer; however, immunohistochemistry reveals few, if any, distinguishing features. The more aggressive triple-negative and HER2-positive breast cancer subtypes are overrepresented in inflammatory breast cancer compared with noninflammatory breast cancer, with a poorer prognosis in response to conventional therapies. Despite its name, there remains some controversy regarding the role of inflammation in inflammatory breast cancer. This review summarises the current molecular evidence suggesting that inflammatory signaling pathways are upregulated in this disease, including NF-κB activation and excessive IL-6 production among others, which may provide an avenue for novel therapeutics. The role of the tumor microenvironment, through tumor-associated macrophages, infiltrating lymphocytes, and cancer stem cells is also discussed, suggesting that these tumor extrinsic factors may help account for the differences in behavior between inflammatory breast cancer and noninflammatory breast cancer. While there are various novel treatment strategies already underway in clinical trials, the need for further development of preclinical models of this rare but aggressive disease is paramount.
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spelling pubmed-54577772017-06-12 Challenging a Misnomer? The Role of Inflammatory Pathways in Inflammatory Breast Cancer Morrow, Riley J. Etemadi, Nima Yeo, Belinda Ernst, Matthias Mediators Inflamm Review Article Inflammatory breast cancer is a rare, yet highly aggressive form of breast cancer, which accounts for less than 5% of all locally advanced presentations. The clinical presentation of inflammatory breast cancer often differs significantly from that of noninflammatory breast cancer; however, immunohistochemistry reveals few, if any, distinguishing features. The more aggressive triple-negative and HER2-positive breast cancer subtypes are overrepresented in inflammatory breast cancer compared with noninflammatory breast cancer, with a poorer prognosis in response to conventional therapies. Despite its name, there remains some controversy regarding the role of inflammation in inflammatory breast cancer. This review summarises the current molecular evidence suggesting that inflammatory signaling pathways are upregulated in this disease, including NF-κB activation and excessive IL-6 production among others, which may provide an avenue for novel therapeutics. The role of the tumor microenvironment, through tumor-associated macrophages, infiltrating lymphocytes, and cancer stem cells is also discussed, suggesting that these tumor extrinsic factors may help account for the differences in behavior between inflammatory breast cancer and noninflammatory breast cancer. While there are various novel treatment strategies already underway in clinical trials, the need for further development of preclinical models of this rare but aggressive disease is paramount. Hindawi 2017 2017-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5457777/ /pubmed/28607534 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4754827 Text en Copyright © 2017 Riley J. Morrow et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Morrow, Riley J.
Etemadi, Nima
Yeo, Belinda
Ernst, Matthias
Challenging a Misnomer? The Role of Inflammatory Pathways in Inflammatory Breast Cancer
title Challenging a Misnomer? The Role of Inflammatory Pathways in Inflammatory Breast Cancer
title_full Challenging a Misnomer? The Role of Inflammatory Pathways in Inflammatory Breast Cancer
title_fullStr Challenging a Misnomer? The Role of Inflammatory Pathways in Inflammatory Breast Cancer
title_full_unstemmed Challenging a Misnomer? The Role of Inflammatory Pathways in Inflammatory Breast Cancer
title_short Challenging a Misnomer? The Role of Inflammatory Pathways in Inflammatory Breast Cancer
title_sort challenging a misnomer? the role of inflammatory pathways in inflammatory breast cancer
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5457777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28607534
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4754827
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