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Synapses in neurodegenerative diseases

Synapse is the basic structural and functional component for neural communication in the brain. The presynaptic terminal is the structural and functionally essential area that initiates communication and maintains the continuous functional neural information flow. It contains synaptic vesicles (SV)...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bae, Jae Ryul, Kim, Sung Hyun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5458673/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28270301
http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2017.50.5.038
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author Bae, Jae Ryul
Kim, Sung Hyun
author_facet Bae, Jae Ryul
Kim, Sung Hyun
author_sort Bae, Jae Ryul
collection PubMed
description Synapse is the basic structural and functional component for neural communication in the brain. The presynaptic terminal is the structural and functionally essential area that initiates communication and maintains the continuous functional neural information flow. It contains synaptic vesicles (SV) filled with neurotransmitters, an active zone for release, and numerous proteins for SV fusion and retrieval. The structural and functional synaptic plasticity is a representative characteristic; however, it is highly vulnerable to various pathological conditions. In fact, synaptic alteration is thought to be central to neural disease processes. In particular, the alteration of the structural and functional phenotype of the presynaptic terminal is a highly significant evidence for neural diseases. In this review, we specifically describe structural and functional alteration of nerve terminals in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s disease (HD).
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spelling pubmed-54586732017-06-08 Synapses in neurodegenerative diseases Bae, Jae Ryul Kim, Sung Hyun BMB Rep Invited Mini Review Synapse is the basic structural and functional component for neural communication in the brain. The presynaptic terminal is the structural and functionally essential area that initiates communication and maintains the continuous functional neural information flow. It contains synaptic vesicles (SV) filled with neurotransmitters, an active zone for release, and numerous proteins for SV fusion and retrieval. The structural and functional synaptic plasticity is a representative characteristic; however, it is highly vulnerable to various pathological conditions. In fact, synaptic alteration is thought to be central to neural disease processes. In particular, the alteration of the structural and functional phenotype of the presynaptic terminal is a highly significant evidence for neural diseases. In this review, we specifically describe structural and functional alteration of nerve terminals in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s disease (HD). Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2017-05 2017-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5458673/ /pubmed/28270301 http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2017.50.5.038 Text en Copyright © 2017 by the The Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Invited Mini Review
Bae, Jae Ryul
Kim, Sung Hyun
Synapses in neurodegenerative diseases
title Synapses in neurodegenerative diseases
title_full Synapses in neurodegenerative diseases
title_fullStr Synapses in neurodegenerative diseases
title_full_unstemmed Synapses in neurodegenerative diseases
title_short Synapses in neurodegenerative diseases
title_sort synapses in neurodegenerative diseases
topic Invited Mini Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5458673/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28270301
http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2017.50.5.038
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