Chylous Ascites in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Diagnostic Challenge

Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. It can affect nearly any organ. Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in SLE is frequent but is mostly related to medication side effects and concomitant infections. Chylous ascites is a rare form of ascites that is milky appearing due to the high concentration of triglycerides. Chylous ascites as a complication of SLE is atypical. Our case highlights an extremely rare presentation of chylous ascites in SLE as an initial manifestation of the disease itself, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Through this case, we aim to raise awareness of SLE as a rare but reversible cause of chylous ascites.