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Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a phenomenological comparison
BACKGROUND: Similarities between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and trichotillomania (TTM) have been widely recognized. Nevertheless, there is evidence of important differences between these two disorders. Some authors have conceptualized the disorders as lying on an OCD spectrum of conditions....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2005
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC546013/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15649315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-5-2 |
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author | Lochner, Christine Seedat, Soraya du Toit, Pieter L Nel, Daniel G Niehaus, Dana JH Sandler, Robin Stein, Dan J |
author_facet | Lochner, Christine Seedat, Soraya du Toit, Pieter L Nel, Daniel G Niehaus, Dana JH Sandler, Robin Stein, Dan J |
author_sort | Lochner, Christine |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Similarities between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and trichotillomania (TTM) have been widely recognized. Nevertheless, there is evidence of important differences between these two disorders. Some authors have conceptualized the disorders as lying on an OCD spectrum of conditions. METHODS: Two hundred and seventy eight OCD patients (n = 278: 148 male; 130 female) and 54 TTM patients (n = 54; 5 male; 49 female) of all ages were interviewed. Female patients were compared on select demographic and clinical variables, including comorbid axis I and II disorders, and temperament/character profiles. RESULTS: OCD patients reported significantly more lifetime disability, but fewer TTM patients reported response to treatment. OCD patients reported higher comorbidity, more harm avoidance and less novelty seeking, more maladaptive beliefs, and more sexual abuse. OCD and TTM symptoms were equally likely to worsen during menstruation, but OCD onset or worsening was more likely associated with pregnancy/puerperium. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support previous work demonstrating significant differences between OCD and TTM. The classification of TTM as an impulse control disorder is also problematic, and TTM may have more in common with conditions characterized by stereotypical self-injurious symptoms, such as skin-picking. Differences between OCD and TTM may reflect differences in underlying psychobiology, and may necessitate contrasting treatment approaches. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-546013 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2005 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-5460132005-01-29 Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a phenomenological comparison Lochner, Christine Seedat, Soraya du Toit, Pieter L Nel, Daniel G Niehaus, Dana JH Sandler, Robin Stein, Dan J BMC Psychiatry Research Article BACKGROUND: Similarities between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and trichotillomania (TTM) have been widely recognized. Nevertheless, there is evidence of important differences between these two disorders. Some authors have conceptualized the disorders as lying on an OCD spectrum of conditions. METHODS: Two hundred and seventy eight OCD patients (n = 278: 148 male; 130 female) and 54 TTM patients (n = 54; 5 male; 49 female) of all ages were interviewed. Female patients were compared on select demographic and clinical variables, including comorbid axis I and II disorders, and temperament/character profiles. RESULTS: OCD patients reported significantly more lifetime disability, but fewer TTM patients reported response to treatment. OCD patients reported higher comorbidity, more harm avoidance and less novelty seeking, more maladaptive beliefs, and more sexual abuse. OCD and TTM symptoms were equally likely to worsen during menstruation, but OCD onset or worsening was more likely associated with pregnancy/puerperium. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support previous work demonstrating significant differences between OCD and TTM. The classification of TTM as an impulse control disorder is also problematic, and TTM may have more in common with conditions characterized by stereotypical self-injurious symptoms, such as skin-picking. Differences between OCD and TTM may reflect differences in underlying psychobiology, and may necessitate contrasting treatment approaches. BioMed Central 2005-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC546013/ /pubmed/15649315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-5-2 Text en Copyright © 2005 Lochner et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lochner, Christine Seedat, Soraya du Toit, Pieter L Nel, Daniel G Niehaus, Dana JH Sandler, Robin Stein, Dan J Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a phenomenological comparison |
title | Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a phenomenological comparison |
title_full | Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a phenomenological comparison |
title_fullStr | Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a phenomenological comparison |
title_full_unstemmed | Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a phenomenological comparison |
title_short | Obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a phenomenological comparison |
title_sort | obsessive-compulsive disorder and trichotillomania: a phenomenological comparison |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC546013/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15649315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-5-2 |
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