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Trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: United States 2002-2011

BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests disparities in quality of care (QoC) indicators based on sex exist in adults diagnosed with diabetes; however, this research is limited. Therefore, the objective of this research study was to assess differences in QOC indicators in a nationally representative sample of...

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Autores principales: Williams, Joni S., Bishu, Kinfe G., St. Germain, Alessandra, Egede, Leonard E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5461701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28587646
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12902-017-0183-5
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author Williams, Joni S.
Bishu, Kinfe G.
St. Germain, Alessandra
Egede, Leonard E.
author_facet Williams, Joni S.
Bishu, Kinfe G.
St. Germain, Alessandra
Egede, Leonard E.
author_sort Williams, Joni S.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests disparities in quality of care (QoC) indicators based on sex exist in adults diagnosed with diabetes; however, this research is limited. Therefore, the objective of this research study was to assess differences in QOC indicators in a nationally representative sample of men and women with diabetes. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 17,702 men and women (≥18 years of age) with diabetes from the 2002–2011 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component. Sex was the main predictor variable, and the dependent variables were five binary indicators to measure QOC, which included testing of hemoglobin A1c, examining feet annually, getting eyes dilated, checking blood pressure, and visiting the doctor annually. Sample demographics by sex were assessed. Unadjusted analyses were computed for descriptive statistics by sex and proportions of QOC indicators over time. Logistic regression evaluated associations between QOC indicators and sex, while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, time, and comorbid conditions. RESULTS: Approximately 44% and 56% of the sample was comprised of men and women, respectively. Unadjusted analyses showed significant differences in A1c testing (p < 0.001) and foot examinations (p = 0.002) for the entire sample, and significant differences in A1c testing (p = 0.027), foot examinations (p = 0.01), and dilated eye exams (p = 0.026) among men and A1c testing (p < 0.001) among women overtime. Adjusted analyses found women to be significantly more likely to have dilated eye examinations during a given year (OR = 1.14; 95% CI 1.04, 1.24), to get their blood pressure checked by a doctor in a given year (OR = 1.44; 95% CI 1.13, 1.84), and to visit a doctor annually (OR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.22, 1.58) compared to men. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample of adults with diabetes, women had significantly higher odds of receiving quality of care compared to men. These findings suggest the importance of educating patients about appropriate metrics of diabetes management, especially men, and the need for continuous empowerment of women to receive proper and optimal care. Additional research is needed to identify causes and reduce sex and gender disparities associated with diabetes quality of care.
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spelling pubmed-54617012017-06-07 Trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: United States 2002-2011 Williams, Joni S. Bishu, Kinfe G. St. Germain, Alessandra Egede, Leonard E. BMC Endocr Disord Research Article BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests disparities in quality of care (QoC) indicators based on sex exist in adults diagnosed with diabetes; however, this research is limited. Therefore, the objective of this research study was to assess differences in QOC indicators in a nationally representative sample of men and women with diabetes. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 17,702 men and women (≥18 years of age) with diabetes from the 2002–2011 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component. Sex was the main predictor variable, and the dependent variables were five binary indicators to measure QOC, which included testing of hemoglobin A1c, examining feet annually, getting eyes dilated, checking blood pressure, and visiting the doctor annually. Sample demographics by sex were assessed. Unadjusted analyses were computed for descriptive statistics by sex and proportions of QOC indicators over time. Logistic regression evaluated associations between QOC indicators and sex, while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, time, and comorbid conditions. RESULTS: Approximately 44% and 56% of the sample was comprised of men and women, respectively. Unadjusted analyses showed significant differences in A1c testing (p < 0.001) and foot examinations (p = 0.002) for the entire sample, and significant differences in A1c testing (p = 0.027), foot examinations (p = 0.01), and dilated eye exams (p = 0.026) among men and A1c testing (p < 0.001) among women overtime. Adjusted analyses found women to be significantly more likely to have dilated eye examinations during a given year (OR = 1.14; 95% CI 1.04, 1.24), to get their blood pressure checked by a doctor in a given year (OR = 1.44; 95% CI 1.13, 1.84), and to visit a doctor annually (OR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.22, 1.58) compared to men. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample of adults with diabetes, women had significantly higher odds of receiving quality of care compared to men. These findings suggest the importance of educating patients about appropriate metrics of diabetes management, especially men, and the need for continuous empowerment of women to receive proper and optimal care. Additional research is needed to identify causes and reduce sex and gender disparities associated with diabetes quality of care. BioMed Central 2017-06-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5461701/ /pubmed/28587646 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12902-017-0183-5 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Williams, Joni S.
Bishu, Kinfe G.
St. Germain, Alessandra
Egede, Leonard E.
Trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: United States 2002-2011
title Trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: United States 2002-2011
title_full Trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: United States 2002-2011
title_fullStr Trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: United States 2002-2011
title_full_unstemmed Trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: United States 2002-2011
title_short Trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: United States 2002-2011
title_sort trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: united states 2002-2011
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5461701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28587646
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12902-017-0183-5
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