The Impact of Obesity on the Clinical Course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND: Obesity has been linked with a pro-inflammatory state and the development of inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, there is some controversy regarding whether obesity is associated with an adverse clinical course in patients with IBD. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the association between obesity and clinical outcomes in IBD patients. MATERIAL/METHODS: Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) were systematically searched for studies investigating the association between obesity and clinical outcomes in patients with IBD. A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software. RESULTS: Among the 4,798 articles identified, seven met the inclusion criteria for our meta-analysis. The pooled data revealed that obese patients were significantly less likely to undergo IBD-related surgery, receive hormone therapy, and experience hospitalization compared with non-obese patients. However, no statistically significant difference was observed in perianal disease, anti-TNF use, and immunomodulator use between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis indicated that clinical outcomes were significantly different in obese versus non-obese patients with IBD. We found that obesity was associated with a less severe disease course of IBD. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm the relationship between obesity and the clinical course of IBD.