Cargando…
DRD4 Gene Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Iranian Population
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Dopamine dysfunction is known to be associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) is one of the important genes in this pathway. This study intended to investigate the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in exon 3 of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2017
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5463114/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28630890 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2494537 |
_version_ | 1783242645275934720 |
---|---|
author | Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud Amiri, Shahrokh Faghfouri, Sara Noorazar, Seyed Gholamreza AbdollahiFakhim, Shahin Fakhari, Ali |
author_facet | Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud Amiri, Shahrokh Faghfouri, Sara Noorazar, Seyed Gholamreza AbdollahiFakhim, Shahin Fakhari, Ali |
author_sort | Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Dopamine dysfunction is known to be associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) is one of the important genes in this pathway. This study intended to investigate the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in exon 3 of the DRD4 gene in Iranian children and adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 130 children with ADHD, aged 6–14 years, and 130 healthy children, within the same age range, were enrolled. All children were selected from northwest of Iran which have Caucasian ethnic background and are of a Turkic ethnic group. VNTR polymorphisms of the DRD4 gene were evaluated by PCR using exon 3-specific primers followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. FINDINGS: The Hardy-Weinberg principle and Chi-square test showed a significant difference in 4-repetition (4R) alleles between the ADHD (76.2%) and control (53.8%) groups (p = 0.004; X(2) = 17.39; df = 5). The least percentage of repetition alleles in both groups was 2R. CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between the 4R alleles of DRD4 and ADHD in the northwest of Iran. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5463114 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54631142017-06-19 DRD4 Gene Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Iranian Population Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud Amiri, Shahrokh Faghfouri, Sara Noorazar, Seyed Gholamreza AbdollahiFakhim, Shahin Fakhari, Ali Int Sch Res Notices Research Article BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Dopamine dysfunction is known to be associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) is one of the important genes in this pathway. This study intended to investigate the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in exon 3 of the DRD4 gene in Iranian children and adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 130 children with ADHD, aged 6–14 years, and 130 healthy children, within the same age range, were enrolled. All children were selected from northwest of Iran which have Caucasian ethnic background and are of a Turkic ethnic group. VNTR polymorphisms of the DRD4 gene were evaluated by PCR using exon 3-specific primers followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. FINDINGS: The Hardy-Weinberg principle and Chi-square test showed a significant difference in 4-repetition (4R) alleles between the ADHD (76.2%) and control (53.8%) groups (p = 0.004; X(2) = 17.39; df = 5). The least percentage of repetition alleles in both groups was 2R. CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between the 4R alleles of DRD4 and ADHD in the northwest of Iran. Hindawi 2017-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5463114/ /pubmed/28630890 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2494537 Text en Copyright © 2017 Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud Amiri, Shahrokh Faghfouri, Sara Noorazar, Seyed Gholamreza AbdollahiFakhim, Shahin Fakhari, Ali DRD4 Gene Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Iranian Population |
title | DRD4 Gene Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Iranian Population |
title_full | DRD4 Gene Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Iranian Population |
title_fullStr | DRD4 Gene Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Iranian Population |
title_full_unstemmed | DRD4 Gene Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Iranian Population |
title_short | DRD4 Gene Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Iranian Population |
title_sort | drd4 gene polymorphisms as a risk factor for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in iranian population |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5463114/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28630890 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2494537 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT tabatabaeiseyedmahmoud drd4genepolymorphismsasariskfactorforchildrenwithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderiniranianpopulation AT amirishahrokh drd4genepolymorphismsasariskfactorforchildrenwithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderiniranianpopulation AT faghfourisara drd4genepolymorphismsasariskfactorforchildrenwithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderiniranianpopulation AT noorazarseyedgholamreza drd4genepolymorphismsasariskfactorforchildrenwithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderiniranianpopulation AT abdollahifakhimshahin drd4genepolymorphismsasariskfactorforchildrenwithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderiniranianpopulation AT fakhariali drd4genepolymorphismsasariskfactorforchildrenwithattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderiniranianpopulation |