The Effectiveness of Cinacalcet as an Adjunctive Therapy for Hereditary 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D(3)-Resistant Rickets

High doses of oral calcium or long-term calcium infusions are recommended to correct the hypocalcemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with hereditary 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D(3)-resistant rickets (HVDRR). Preliminary studies revealed that calcimimetics may be a safe and effective therapeutic choice in children with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Our aim was to observe the efficacy of cinacalcet in the normalization of secondary hyperparathyroidism and hypophosphatemia in two siblings aged 2.5 years and 6 months with HVDRR who did not respond to traditional treatment regimes. Both patients were admitted to the hospital with severe hypocalcemia. They were treated with high doses of calcitriol and calcium infusions intravenously. Secondary hyperparathyroidism was normalized temporarily, but did not improve completely. Cinacalcet (0.25 mg/kg) once a day along with the high doses of oral calcium and calcitriol was added to the treatment schedule. After 3 months, biochemical and radiologic findings reverted to normal. Our findings indicate that cinacalcet is effective in normalizing the hyperparathyroidism and hypophosphatemia in these cases and in improving the bone pathology.