Imaging diagnosis of orbital Wegener granulomatosis: A rare case report

INTRODUCTION: Wegener granulomatosis (WG) is a rare idiopathic autoimmune disease causing necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis. Whether as the first symptom or as part of systemic changes, ocular manifestations in WG patients are not specific. Any part of the eyes can be affected, with the anterior segment and orbit most commonly involved. So, early diagnosis and treatment are essential for controlling the progression of the disease and improving the quality of life for patients. CLINICAL FINDINGS/PATIENT CONCERNS: Here we present a rare case of orbital WG of a 22-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of intense pain associated with decreased visual acuity in her right eye since 1 day. She had been previously diagnosed with WG at our hospital. IMAGING DIAGNOSIS: Orbital computed tomography imaging showed diffuse swelling of intraorbital muscles, and space-occupying lesions were present in both eyes. Most postnasal anatomical structures were absent, appearing as a massive cavity shadow. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging showed a shadow of orbital soft tissues. CONCLUSION: WG is a serious, fatal disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for controlling the progression of the disease and improving the quality of life for patients.