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Look me in the eyes: constraining gaze in the eye-region provokes abnormally high subcortical activation in autism
Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) seem to have difficulties looking others in the eyes, but the substrate for this behavior is not well understood. The subcortical pathway, which consists of superior colliculus, pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus, and amygdala, enables rapid and automati...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5466661/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28600558 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03378-5 |
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author | Hadjikhani, Nouchine Åsberg Johnels, Jakob Zürcher, Nicole R. Lassalle, Amandine Guillon, Quentin Hippolyte, Loyse Billstedt, Eva Ward, Noreen Lemonnier, Eric Gillberg, Christopher |
author_facet | Hadjikhani, Nouchine Åsberg Johnels, Jakob Zürcher, Nicole R. Lassalle, Amandine Guillon, Quentin Hippolyte, Loyse Billstedt, Eva Ward, Noreen Lemonnier, Eric Gillberg, Christopher |
author_sort | Hadjikhani, Nouchine |
collection | PubMed |
description | Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) seem to have difficulties looking others in the eyes, but the substrate for this behavior is not well understood. The subcortical pathway, which consists of superior colliculus, pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus, and amygdala, enables rapid and automatic face processing. A specific component of this pathway – i.e., the amygdala – has been shown to be abnormally activated in paradigms where individuals had to specifically attend to the eye-region; however, a direct examination of the effect of manipulating the gaze to the eye-regions on all the components of the subcortical system altogether has never been performed. The subcortical system is particularly important as it shapes the functional specialization of the face-processing cortex during development. Using functional MRI, we investigated the effect of constraining gaze in the eye-region during dynamic emotional face perception in groups of participants with ASD and typical controls. We computed differences in activation in the subcortical face processing system (superior colliculus, pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus and amygdala) for the same stimuli seen freely or with the gaze constrained in the eye-region. Our results show that when constrained to look in the eyes, individuals with ASD show abnormally high activation in the subcortical system, which may be at the basis of their eye avoidance in daily life. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5466661 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54666612017-06-14 Look me in the eyes: constraining gaze in the eye-region provokes abnormally high subcortical activation in autism Hadjikhani, Nouchine Åsberg Johnels, Jakob Zürcher, Nicole R. Lassalle, Amandine Guillon, Quentin Hippolyte, Loyse Billstedt, Eva Ward, Noreen Lemonnier, Eric Gillberg, Christopher Sci Rep Article Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) seem to have difficulties looking others in the eyes, but the substrate for this behavior is not well understood. The subcortical pathway, which consists of superior colliculus, pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus, and amygdala, enables rapid and automatic face processing. A specific component of this pathway – i.e., the amygdala – has been shown to be abnormally activated in paradigms where individuals had to specifically attend to the eye-region; however, a direct examination of the effect of manipulating the gaze to the eye-regions on all the components of the subcortical system altogether has never been performed. The subcortical system is particularly important as it shapes the functional specialization of the face-processing cortex during development. Using functional MRI, we investigated the effect of constraining gaze in the eye-region during dynamic emotional face perception in groups of participants with ASD and typical controls. We computed differences in activation in the subcortical face processing system (superior colliculus, pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus and amygdala) for the same stimuli seen freely or with the gaze constrained in the eye-region. Our results show that when constrained to look in the eyes, individuals with ASD show abnormally high activation in the subcortical system, which may be at the basis of their eye avoidance in daily life. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5466661/ /pubmed/28600558 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03378-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Hadjikhani, Nouchine Åsberg Johnels, Jakob Zürcher, Nicole R. Lassalle, Amandine Guillon, Quentin Hippolyte, Loyse Billstedt, Eva Ward, Noreen Lemonnier, Eric Gillberg, Christopher Look me in the eyes: constraining gaze in the eye-region provokes abnormally high subcortical activation in autism |
title | Look me in the eyes: constraining gaze in the eye-region provokes abnormally high subcortical activation in autism |
title_full | Look me in the eyes: constraining gaze in the eye-region provokes abnormally high subcortical activation in autism |
title_fullStr | Look me in the eyes: constraining gaze in the eye-region provokes abnormally high subcortical activation in autism |
title_full_unstemmed | Look me in the eyes: constraining gaze in the eye-region provokes abnormally high subcortical activation in autism |
title_short | Look me in the eyes: constraining gaze in the eye-region provokes abnormally high subcortical activation in autism |
title_sort | look me in the eyes: constraining gaze in the eye-region provokes abnormally high subcortical activation in autism |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5466661/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28600558 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03378-5 |
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