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Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial cell properties under the exposure of cotinine
Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), in which progressive retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell degeneration is a major pathological change. Nicotine is a major biologically active component in cigarette smoke. It is continuously catabolized into cotin...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5466671/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28600524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03283-x |
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author | Zhang, Xiao-Yu Ng, Tsz Kin Brelén, Mårten Erik Chan, Kwok Ping Wu, Di Yung, Jasmine Sum Yee Cao, Di Wang, Yumeng Zhang, Shaodan Chan, Sun On Pang, Chi Pui |
author_facet | Zhang, Xiao-Yu Ng, Tsz Kin Brelén, Mårten Erik Chan, Kwok Ping Wu, Di Yung, Jasmine Sum Yee Cao, Di Wang, Yumeng Zhang, Shaodan Chan, Sun On Pang, Chi Pui |
author_sort | Zhang, Xiao-Yu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), in which progressive retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell degeneration is a major pathological change. Nicotine is a major biologically active component in cigarette smoke. It is continuously catabolized into cotinine, which has longer half-life and higher concentration in tissue cells and fluids. Here we hypothesized that continuous exposure of cotinine has more potent effects on human RPE cell properties than nicotine. Human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) was treated continuously with 1–2 µM of nicotine and/or cotinine for 7 days. RPE cells treated with 2 μM cotinine and nicotine-cotinine mixture has lower MTT signals without significant changes in cell apoptosis or integrity. Moreover, RPE cell migration was retarded under cotinine treatments, but not nicotine. Both nicotine and cotinine treatments attenuated the phagocytotic activity of RPE cells. In addition, cotinine and nicotine-cotinine mixture suppressed VEGF and IL-8 expression and upregulated TIMP-2 expression. Expressions of autophagy genes were upregulated by the cotinine treatment, whereas expressions of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers were downregulated. In conclusion, our study, for the first time, demonstrated that cotinine, rather than nicotine, affects the properties of RPE cells in vitro, which could explain the smoking-induced RPE pathology. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5466671 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54666712017-06-14 Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial cell properties under the exposure of cotinine Zhang, Xiao-Yu Ng, Tsz Kin Brelén, Mårten Erik Chan, Kwok Ping Wu, Di Yung, Jasmine Sum Yee Cao, Di Wang, Yumeng Zhang, Shaodan Chan, Sun On Pang, Chi Pui Sci Rep Article Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), in which progressive retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell degeneration is a major pathological change. Nicotine is a major biologically active component in cigarette smoke. It is continuously catabolized into cotinine, which has longer half-life and higher concentration in tissue cells and fluids. Here we hypothesized that continuous exposure of cotinine has more potent effects on human RPE cell properties than nicotine. Human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) was treated continuously with 1–2 µM of nicotine and/or cotinine for 7 days. RPE cells treated with 2 μM cotinine and nicotine-cotinine mixture has lower MTT signals without significant changes in cell apoptosis or integrity. Moreover, RPE cell migration was retarded under cotinine treatments, but not nicotine. Both nicotine and cotinine treatments attenuated the phagocytotic activity of RPE cells. In addition, cotinine and nicotine-cotinine mixture suppressed VEGF and IL-8 expression and upregulated TIMP-2 expression. Expressions of autophagy genes were upregulated by the cotinine treatment, whereas expressions of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers were downregulated. In conclusion, our study, for the first time, demonstrated that cotinine, rather than nicotine, affects the properties of RPE cells in vitro, which could explain the smoking-induced RPE pathology. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5466671/ /pubmed/28600524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03283-x Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Zhang, Xiao-Yu Ng, Tsz Kin Brelén, Mårten Erik Chan, Kwok Ping Wu, Di Yung, Jasmine Sum Yee Cao, Di Wang, Yumeng Zhang, Shaodan Chan, Sun On Pang, Chi Pui Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial cell properties under the exposure of cotinine |
title | Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial cell properties under the exposure of cotinine |
title_full | Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial cell properties under the exposure of cotinine |
title_fullStr | Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial cell properties under the exposure of cotinine |
title_full_unstemmed | Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial cell properties under the exposure of cotinine |
title_short | Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial cell properties under the exposure of cotinine |
title_sort | disruption of retinal pigment epithelial cell properties under the exposure of cotinine |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5466671/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28600524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03283-x |
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