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Chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices

Changes in physicochemical characteristics, chemical structures and maturity of swine, cattle and chicken manures and composts during 70-day composting without addition of bulking agents were investigated. Physicochemical characteristics were measured by routine analyses and chemical structures by s...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Huang, Jieying, Yu, Zixuan, Gao, Hongjian, Yan, Xiaoming, Chang, Jiang, Wang, Chengming, Hu, Jingwei, Zhang, Ligan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5467826/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28604783
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178110
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author Huang, Jieying
Yu, Zixuan
Gao, Hongjian
Yan, Xiaoming
Chang, Jiang
Wang, Chengming
Hu, Jingwei
Zhang, Ligan
author_facet Huang, Jieying
Yu, Zixuan
Gao, Hongjian
Yan, Xiaoming
Chang, Jiang
Wang, Chengming
Hu, Jingwei
Zhang, Ligan
author_sort Huang, Jieying
collection PubMed
description Changes in physicochemical characteristics, chemical structures and maturity of swine, cattle and chicken manures and composts during 70-day composting without addition of bulking agents were investigated. Physicochemical characteristics were measured by routine analyses and chemical structures by solid-state (13)C NMR and FT-IR. Three manures were of distinct properties. Their changes in physicochemical characteristics, chemical structures, and maturity were different not only from each other but also from those with addition of bulking agents during composting. Aromaticity in chicken manure composts decreased at first, and then increased whereas that in cattle and swine manure composts increased. Enhanced ammonia volatilization occurred without addition of bulking agents. NMR structural information indicated that cattle and chicken composts were relatively stable at day 36 and 56, respectively, but swine manure composts were not mature up to day 70. Finally, the days required for three manures to reach the threshold values of different maturity indices were different.
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spelling pubmed-54678262017-06-22 Chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices Huang, Jieying Yu, Zixuan Gao, Hongjian Yan, Xiaoming Chang, Jiang Wang, Chengming Hu, Jingwei Zhang, Ligan PLoS One Research Article Changes in physicochemical characteristics, chemical structures and maturity of swine, cattle and chicken manures and composts during 70-day composting without addition of bulking agents were investigated. Physicochemical characteristics were measured by routine analyses and chemical structures by solid-state (13)C NMR and FT-IR. Three manures were of distinct properties. Their changes in physicochemical characteristics, chemical structures, and maturity were different not only from each other but also from those with addition of bulking agents during composting. Aromaticity in chicken manure composts decreased at first, and then increased whereas that in cattle and swine manure composts increased. Enhanced ammonia volatilization occurred without addition of bulking agents. NMR structural information indicated that cattle and chicken composts were relatively stable at day 36 and 56, respectively, but swine manure composts were not mature up to day 70. Finally, the days required for three manures to reach the threshold values of different maturity indices were different. Public Library of Science 2017-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5467826/ /pubmed/28604783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178110 Text en © 2017 Huang et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Huang, Jieying
Yu, Zixuan
Gao, Hongjian
Yan, Xiaoming
Chang, Jiang
Wang, Chengming
Hu, Jingwei
Zhang, Ligan
Chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices
title Chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices
title_full Chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices
title_fullStr Chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices
title_full_unstemmed Chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices
title_short Chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices
title_sort chemical structures and characteristics of animal manures and composts during composting and assessment of maturity indices
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5467826/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28604783
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178110
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