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Probing Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Wheat Plants Characterized by Electropenetrography (EPG) and Histological Studies
The stink bug Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) has increased in abundance in recent years on the wheat, Triticum aestivum L., crop cultivated in the southern region of Brazil. To investigate the probing (stylet penetration) behaviors and nonprobing behaviors of D. furcatus on whea...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5469386/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28931161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/iex044 |
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author | Lucini, Tiago Ricardo Panizzi, Antônio |
author_facet | Lucini, Tiago Ricardo Panizzi, Antônio |
author_sort | Lucini, Tiago |
collection | PubMed |
description | The stink bug Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) has increased in abundance in recent years on the wheat, Triticum aestivum L., crop cultivated in the southern region of Brazil. To investigate the probing (stylet penetration) behaviors and nonprobing behaviors of D. furcatus on wheat plants, the electrical penetration graph or electropenetrography (EPG) technique was applied. Nine EPG waveforms (types/subtypes) were identified and described on stem and on ear head of wheat plants, as follows: Z, Np, Df1a, Df1b, Df2, Df3a, Df3b, Df4a, and Df4b. For the waveforms Df1, Df2, Df3, and Df4, stylets were severed to determine, via histological studies, the location of the stylet tip and/or salivary sheath tip in plant tissue. Waveform Z was visually correlated with the bug standing still on the plant surface, whereas during Np the bug was walking. Df1a and Df1b represent initial stylet insertion, deep penetration of the stylets into the plant tissue, and secretion of salivary sheath. Df2 represents xylem sap ingestion on stem and on ear head. Waveforms Df3a and Df4a were related to the cell rupturing feeding strategy (laceration and maceration tactics) on stem and on ear head (seed endosperm), respectively. Waveforms Df3b and Df4b represent ingestion of cellular contents derived from cell rupturing activities on stem and on ear head (seed endosperm), respectively. With this fundamental knowledge in hand, future studies can use EPG to develop novel pest management solutions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5469386 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54693862017-06-21 Probing Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Wheat Plants Characterized by Electropenetrography (EPG) and Histological Studies Lucini, Tiago Ricardo Panizzi, Antônio J Insect Sci Research Article The stink bug Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) has increased in abundance in recent years on the wheat, Triticum aestivum L., crop cultivated in the southern region of Brazil. To investigate the probing (stylet penetration) behaviors and nonprobing behaviors of D. furcatus on wheat plants, the electrical penetration graph or electropenetrography (EPG) technique was applied. Nine EPG waveforms (types/subtypes) were identified and described on stem and on ear head of wheat plants, as follows: Z, Np, Df1a, Df1b, Df2, Df3a, Df3b, Df4a, and Df4b. For the waveforms Df1, Df2, Df3, and Df4, stylets were severed to determine, via histological studies, the location of the stylet tip and/or salivary sheath tip in plant tissue. Waveform Z was visually correlated with the bug standing still on the plant surface, whereas during Np the bug was walking. Df1a and Df1b represent initial stylet insertion, deep penetration of the stylets into the plant tissue, and secretion of salivary sheath. Df2 represents xylem sap ingestion on stem and on ear head. Waveforms Df3a and Df4a were related to the cell rupturing feeding strategy (laceration and maceration tactics) on stem and on ear head (seed endosperm), respectively. Waveforms Df3b and Df4b represent ingestion of cellular contents derived from cell rupturing activities on stem and on ear head (seed endosperm), respectively. With this fundamental knowledge in hand, future studies can use EPG to develop novel pest management solutions. Oxford University Press 2017-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5469386/ /pubmed/28931161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/iex044 Text en © The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lucini, Tiago Ricardo Panizzi, Antônio Probing Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Wheat Plants Characterized by Electropenetrography (EPG) and Histological Studies |
title | Probing Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Wheat Plants Characterized by Electropenetrography (EPG) and Histological Studies |
title_full | Probing Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Wheat Plants Characterized by Electropenetrography (EPG) and Histological Studies |
title_fullStr | Probing Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Wheat Plants Characterized by Electropenetrography (EPG) and Histological Studies |
title_full_unstemmed | Probing Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Wheat Plants Characterized by Electropenetrography (EPG) and Histological Studies |
title_short | Probing Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Wheat Plants Characterized by Electropenetrography (EPG) and Histological Studies |
title_sort | probing behavior of dichelops furcatus (f.) (heteroptera: pentatomidae) on wheat plants characterized by electropenetrography (epg) and histological studies |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5469386/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28931161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/iex044 |
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