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Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Part I. In vivo imaging methods

Kidney transplantation (KTx) represents the best available treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. Still, full benefits of KTx are undermined by acute rejection (AR). The diagnosis of AR ultimately relies on transplant needle biopsy. However, such an invasive procedure is associated wit...

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Autores principales: Hanssen, Oriane, Erpicum, Pauline, Lovinfosse, Pierre, Meunier, Paul, Weekers, Laurent, Tshibanda, Luaba, Krzesinski, Jean-Marie, Hustinx, Roland, Jouret, François
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5469561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28643821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfw062
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author Hanssen, Oriane
Erpicum, Pauline
Lovinfosse, Pierre
Meunier, Paul
Weekers, Laurent
Tshibanda, Luaba
Krzesinski, Jean-Marie
Hustinx, Roland
Jouret, François
author_facet Hanssen, Oriane
Erpicum, Pauline
Lovinfosse, Pierre
Meunier, Paul
Weekers, Laurent
Tshibanda, Luaba
Krzesinski, Jean-Marie
Hustinx, Roland
Jouret, François
author_sort Hanssen, Oriane
collection PubMed
description Kidney transplantation (KTx) represents the best available treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. Still, full benefits of KTx are undermined by acute rejection (AR). The diagnosis of AR ultimately relies on transplant needle biopsy. However, such an invasive procedure is associated with a significant risk of complications and is limited by sampling error and interobserver variability. In the present review, we summarize the current literature about non-invasive approaches for the diagnosis of AR in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), including in vivo imaging, gene expression profiling and omics analyses of blood and urine samples. Most imaging techniques, like contrast-enhanced ultrasound and magnetic resonance, exploit the fact that blood flow is significantly lowered in case of AR-induced inflammation. In addition, AR-associated recruitment of activated leukocytes may be detectable by (18)F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography. In parallel, urine biomarkers, including CXCL9/CXCL10 or a three-gene signature of CD3ε, IP-10 and 18S RNA levels, have been identified. None of these approaches has been adopted yet in the clinical follow-up of KTRs, but standardization of procedures may help assess reproducibility and compare diagnostic yields in large prospective multicentric trials.
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spelling pubmed-54695612017-06-21 Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Part I. In vivo imaging methods Hanssen, Oriane Erpicum, Pauline Lovinfosse, Pierre Meunier, Paul Weekers, Laurent Tshibanda, Luaba Krzesinski, Jean-Marie Hustinx, Roland Jouret, François Clin Kidney J Transplantation Kidney transplantation (KTx) represents the best available treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. Still, full benefits of KTx are undermined by acute rejection (AR). The diagnosis of AR ultimately relies on transplant needle biopsy. However, such an invasive procedure is associated with a significant risk of complications and is limited by sampling error and interobserver variability. In the present review, we summarize the current literature about non-invasive approaches for the diagnosis of AR in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), including in vivo imaging, gene expression profiling and omics analyses of blood and urine samples. Most imaging techniques, like contrast-enhanced ultrasound and magnetic resonance, exploit the fact that blood flow is significantly lowered in case of AR-induced inflammation. In addition, AR-associated recruitment of activated leukocytes may be detectable by (18)F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography. In parallel, urine biomarkers, including CXCL9/CXCL10 or a three-gene signature of CD3ε, IP-10 and 18S RNA levels, have been identified. None of these approaches has been adopted yet in the clinical follow-up of KTRs, but standardization of procedures may help assess reproducibility and compare diagnostic yields in large prospective multicentric trials. Oxford University Press 2017-02 2016-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5469561/ /pubmed/28643821 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfw062 Text en © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Transplantation
Hanssen, Oriane
Erpicum, Pauline
Lovinfosse, Pierre
Meunier, Paul
Weekers, Laurent
Tshibanda, Luaba
Krzesinski, Jean-Marie
Hustinx, Roland
Jouret, François
Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Part I. In vivo imaging methods
title Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Part I. In vivo imaging methods
title_full Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Part I. In vivo imaging methods
title_fullStr Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Part I. In vivo imaging methods
title_full_unstemmed Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Part I. In vivo imaging methods
title_short Non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Part I. In vivo imaging methods
title_sort non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. part i. in vivo imaging methods
topic Transplantation
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5469561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28643821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfw062
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