Determination of arsenic and lead in single hair strands by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

The purpose of this study was to develop matrix-matched hair standards and a LA-ICP-MS technique for determination of the As and Pb in a single human hair using single spot scan mode. These results could subsequently be used to infer when the element entered the body. This study was conducted in two parts. First, a method was developed and validated for the elemental analysis of hair by LA-ICP-MS. A calibration strategy in LA-ICP-MS was developed using prepared matrix-matched laboratory hair standards doped with analytes of interest at a defined concentration. The use of hair strand standards enables calibration curves to be obtained by plotting the analyte ion (M(+)) intensity normalized to(34)S(+)(the ratio M(+)/(34)S(+)) as a function of the concentration determined by ICP-MS of the acidic digests. The linear correlation coefficients (R(2)) of the calibration curves for the analytes As and Pb were typically between 0.9970 and 0.9998, respectively. Second, an actual hair was measured using the developed method. The spatial distribution of As along the hair was observed in a hair sample from a leukaemia patient treated with arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)). The actual and estimated times over which the drug entered the body were compared and discussed.