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Identification of the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon
BACKGROUND: Malaria in Cameroon was previously known to be caused solely by Plasmodium falciparum but today, evidence points to other Plasmodium species including P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae. The purpose of this study was to identify the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children re...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5471890/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28630585 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-017-0058-5 |
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author | Kwenti, Tebit Emmanuel Kwenti, Tayong Dizzle Bita Njunda, Longdoh Anna Latz, Andreas Tufon, Kukwah Anthony Nkuo-Akenji, Theresa |
author_facet | Kwenti, Tebit Emmanuel Kwenti, Tayong Dizzle Bita Njunda, Longdoh Anna Latz, Andreas Tufon, Kukwah Anthony Nkuo-Akenji, Theresa |
author_sort | Kwenti, Tebit Emmanuel |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Malaria in Cameroon was previously known to be caused solely by Plasmodium falciparum but today, evidence points to other Plasmodium species including P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae. The purpose of this study was to identify the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon, so as to advise control policies. METHODS: One thousand six hundred nine febrile children (≤15 years) were recruited from five epidemiological strata of malaria including the Sudano-sahelian (SS) strata, the High inland plateau (HIP) strata, the South Cameroonian Equatorial forest (SCEF) strata, the High western plateau (HWP) strata and the Coastal (C) strata. Malaria parasites were detected by Giemsa microscopy (GM) while a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the Plasmodium species. Statistical analysis performed included the Pearson chi-square test, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The PCR-adjusted prevalence of malaria was 17.6%. The detection rate of PCR was higher than GM (p = 0.05). However, GM demonstrated a high sensitivity (85.5%) and specificity (100%) and, overall, a perfectly correlated agreement with PCR (97.5%). The prevalence of malaria was significantly higher in children between 60 and 119 months (p < 0.001) and in Limbe (in the Coastal strata) (p < 0.001). Contrariwise, the prevalence of malaria was not associated with gender (p = 0.239). P. falciparum was identified in all (100%) the cases of malaria; P. ovale, P. vivax, P. malariae and P. knowlesi were all absent. No case of mixed infection was identified. CONCLUSIONS: P. falciparum was the only species causing clinical malaria in the target population, which is contrary to studies that have reported P. vivax, P. malariae and P. ovale as causing clinical malaria in Cameroon. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5471890 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54718902017-06-19 Identification of the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon Kwenti, Tebit Emmanuel Kwenti, Tayong Dizzle Bita Njunda, Longdoh Anna Latz, Andreas Tufon, Kukwah Anthony Nkuo-Akenji, Theresa Trop Med Health Research BACKGROUND: Malaria in Cameroon was previously known to be caused solely by Plasmodium falciparum but today, evidence points to other Plasmodium species including P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae. The purpose of this study was to identify the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon, so as to advise control policies. METHODS: One thousand six hundred nine febrile children (≤15 years) were recruited from five epidemiological strata of malaria including the Sudano-sahelian (SS) strata, the High inland plateau (HIP) strata, the South Cameroonian Equatorial forest (SCEF) strata, the High western plateau (HWP) strata and the Coastal (C) strata. Malaria parasites were detected by Giemsa microscopy (GM) while a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the Plasmodium species. Statistical analysis performed included the Pearson chi-square test, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The PCR-adjusted prevalence of malaria was 17.6%. The detection rate of PCR was higher than GM (p = 0.05). However, GM demonstrated a high sensitivity (85.5%) and specificity (100%) and, overall, a perfectly correlated agreement with PCR (97.5%). The prevalence of malaria was significantly higher in children between 60 and 119 months (p < 0.001) and in Limbe (in the Coastal strata) (p < 0.001). Contrariwise, the prevalence of malaria was not associated with gender (p = 0.239). P. falciparum was identified in all (100%) the cases of malaria; P. ovale, P. vivax, P. malariae and P. knowlesi were all absent. No case of mixed infection was identified. CONCLUSIONS: P. falciparum was the only species causing clinical malaria in the target population, which is contrary to studies that have reported P. vivax, P. malariae and P. ovale as causing clinical malaria in Cameroon. BioMed Central 2017-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5471890/ /pubmed/28630585 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-017-0058-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Kwenti, Tebit Emmanuel Kwenti, Tayong Dizzle Bita Njunda, Longdoh Anna Latz, Andreas Tufon, Kukwah Anthony Nkuo-Akenji, Theresa Identification of the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon |
title | Identification of the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon |
title_full | Identification of the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon |
title_fullStr | Identification of the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon |
title_full_unstemmed | Identification of the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon |
title_short | Identification of the Plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon |
title_sort | identification of the plasmodium species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in cameroon |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5471890/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28630585 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-017-0058-5 |
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