Relationship between Plasma Levels of Zinc and Clinical Course of Pneumonia

BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is a common disease and is more prevalent among children and the elderly. Zinc (Zn) is an essential substance for the human body and plays an important role in regulating the immune system. Studies have shown a possible relation between the Zn plasma levels and pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 100 patients with pneumonia, who were referred to the Educational-Medical Centers of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, were included in the study. The plasma levels of Zn of all patients were measured. The patients were divided into two groups of normal and low plasma levels of Zn. The severity and clinical course of pneumonia, including the durations of fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea were evaluated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The plasma levels of Zn were normal in 56 patients and low in 44 patients. The mean duration of fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea in the group with normal plasma levels of Zn were 1.58±0.68, 2.04±0.81, and 2.78±0.84 days, respectively; and those in the group with decreased Zn plasma levels were 1.72±0.70, 2.18±0.90, and 2.97±0.91 days, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the incidence of severe pneumonia was significantly less in the group with normal Zn plasma levels (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of the present study, there was no statistically significant relationship between the plasma levels of Zn and the clinical course of pneumonia. However, Zn lowered the incidence of severe pneumonia.